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GST Primary GST Primary Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Im... Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Improvement - Diabetes Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibio... Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-b... Systematic review assessing the effect of ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibiotics Management Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-based Practice Center, 117 Encina Commons, Stanford, CA 94305-6019, Kathy.mcdonald@stanford.edu Systematic review assessing the effect of quality improvement strategies on appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and appropriate choice of antibiotics. Adherence Adherence Assistive Devices Assistive Devices Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan CLSA_9 CLSA_9 Cyberabuse Cyberabuse Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent ... This review included randomized trials abo... Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent Men who Batter Their Partners This review included randomized trials about the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on domestic violence. The intervention included programs based on the Duluth Model. The violence had to be committed by a male toward his female partner. The violence also had to be physical. The primary outcomes were new arrests and convictions, and new reports of violence. CABG vs PCI CABG vs PCI Quality Improvement Strategies for Prevent... Quality Improvement Strategies for Preventing Nosocomial Infections (Created 17-Feb-06) Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma Control Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce S... This review was the first part of a projec... Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the first part of a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of smoking cessation interventions on reducing socio-economic differences. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio... This review was the second part in a proje... Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the second part in a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of interventions on reducing socio-economic differences in diet and physical activity. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the d... Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the data in the published report. We used SRS only for an updated search. The review included randomized trials about the effect of welfare-to-work programs. Participants were welfare recipients. There were basically two types of programs. The educational type tried to build knowledge and skills in order to help the welfare recipients acquire jobs that could support them economically. The "work first" approach was more aimed at getting the participants quickly into a job. Exercise interventions for the management ... The objective of this systematic review wa... Exercise interventions for the management of frailty The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of current exercise interventions on the management of frailty. A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, Cinahl, Scopus, Ageline, Eric, and SportDiscus databases was conducted and produced 1808 citations. So far we have completed 2 levels of “title and abstract” screening and we ended up with 262 articles. We have just started the full text screening. Eligibility criteria included original studies whose participants were identified as frail or prefrail with specific criteria and in which structured physical activity was included as at least one component of the intervention. Create a free account, build a dictionary with saved terms to re-use later! Public Domestic Violence - Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Workfare Exercise Interventions for the Management of Frailty Search     Simple Advanced Refine (3 coded questions)  Any of these:   Exact Phrase: All of these: None of these: Author: Periodical: Projects: No restrictions   Libraries: Public   Select SRS Projects Show Saved Terms Select Library Show articles that do not have abstracts  Type of Article Clinical Trial Editorial Letter Meta-Analysis Practice Guideline Randomized Controlled Trial Review Addresses Bibliography Biography Case Reports Classical Article Clinical Conference Clinical Trial, Phase I Clinical Trial, Phase II Clinical Trial, Phase III Clinical Trial, Phase IV Comment Comparative Study Consensus Development Conference Consensus Development Conference, NIH Controlled Clinical Trial Corrected and Republished Article Dictionary Directory Duplicate Publication English Abstract Evaluation Studies Festschrift Government Publications Guideline Historical Article Interview In Vitro Journal Article Lectures Legal Cases Legislation Multicenter Study News Newspaper Article Overall Patient Education Handout Periodical Index Published Erratum Retracted Publication Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 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Retraction of Publication Scientific Integrity Review Support of Research Technical Report Twin Study Validation Studies Not a Primary Study or Review Unknown Primary Study Case Series Case Control Cohort Study Observational Study Qualitative Research CBA or ITS Registry Double Blind Controlled before after study Quasi-randomized trial Simple before after study Cluster-RCT Non-Randomized Study Report Book Book chapter Dissertation Conference procedings Secondary Research Not RCT Humans or Animals Humans Animals Ages All Infant: birth-23 months All Child: 0-18 years All Adult: 19+ years Newborn: birth-1 month Infant: 1-23 months Preschool Child: 2-5 years Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Middle Aged + Aged: 45+ years Aged: 65+ years 80 and over: 80+ years Undetermined Results(1-7 of 07) Sort By: Publication Date Relevance Took: 0.076 seconds to search 17,750,454  Action: Copy Results to new Clipboard Build Search Link Page 1 of 1 1 (7 articles found) Expression of the basal cell markers of taste buds in the anterior tongue and soft palate of the mouse embryo. Jul 10, 2008 Ayumi Nakayama,Hirohito Miura,Yoichiro Shindo,Yuko Kusakabe,Hiroshi Tomonari,Shuitsu Harada Although embryonic expression of Shh in the fungiform papilla placodes has a critical role in fungiform papilla patterning, it remains unclear whether its appearance indicates the differentiation of the basal cells of taste buds. To examine the embryonic development of the basal cells, the expressi... ( view more )on of Shh, Prox1, and Mash1 was determined in the anterior tongue and soft palate in mouse embryos by in situ hybridization. In the anterior tongue, Prox1 was coexpressed with Shh from the beginning of Shh expression in the fungiform papilla placodes at E12.5. Shh was expressed in the soft palate in a band-like pattern in the anteriormost region and in a punctate pattern in the posterior region at E14.5. The number (21.4 +/- 4.3, at E14.5) of locations where Shh was observed (i.e., spots) rapidly increased and reached a peak level (54.8 +/- 4.0 at E15.5). Also in the soft palate, Prox1 was coexpressed with Shh from the beginning of Shh expression. These results suggest that basal cell differentiation occurs synchronously with the patterning of Shh spots both in the anterior tongue and in the soft palate. In contrast, Mash1 expression lagged behind the expression of Shh and Prox1 and began after the number of Shh spots had reached its peak level in the soft palate. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry of PGP9.5 and Shh revealed that epithelial innervation slightly preceded Mash1 expression both in the tongue and in the soft palate. This is the first report describing the time courses of the embryonic expression of basal cell markers of taste buds. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Expression of gustducin overlaps with that of type III IP3 receptor in taste buds of the rat soft palate. Sep 2007 Hirohito Miura,Ayumi Nakayama,Yoichiro Shindo,Yuko Kusakabe,Hiroshi Tomonari,Shuitsu Harada Type III IP3 receptor (IP3R3) is one of the common critical calcium-signaling molecules for sweet, umami, and bitter signal transduction in taste cells, and the total IP3R3-expressing cell population represents all cells mediating these taste modalities in the taste buds. Although gustducin, a tast... ( view more )e cell-specific G-protein, is also involved in sweet, umami, and bitter signal transduction, the expression of gustducin is restricted to different subsets of IP3R3-expressing cells by location in the tongue. Based on the expression patterns of gustducin and taste receptors in the tongue, the function of gustducin has been implicated primarily in bitter taste in the circumvallate (CV) papillae and in sweet taste in the fungiform (FF) papillae. However, in the soft palate (SP), the expression pattern of gustducin remains unclear and little is known about its function. In the present paper, the expression patterns of gustducin and IP3R3 in taste buds of the SP and tongue papillae in the rat were examined by double-color whole-mount immunohistochemistry. Gustducin was expressed in almost all (96.7%) IP3R3-expressing cells in taste buds of the SP, whereas gustducin-positive cells were 42.4% and 60.1% of IP3R3-expressing cells in FF and CV, respectively. Our data suggest that gustducin is involved in signal transduction of all the tastes of sweet, umami, and bitter in the SP, in contrast to its limited function in the tongue. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles Cell lineage and differentiation in taste buds. Dec 2006 Hirohito Miura,Yuko Kusakabe,Shuitsu Harada Mammalian taste buds are maintained through continuous cell renewal so that taste bud cells are constantly generated from progenitor cells throughout life. Taste bud cells are composed of basal cells and elongated cells. Elongated cells are derived from basal cells and contain taste receptor cells ... ( view more )(TRC). Morphologically, elongated cells consist of three distinct types of cells: Types I, II and III. In contrast to the remarkable progress in understanding of the molecular basis for taste reception, the mechanisms of taste bud maintenance have remained a major area of inquiry. In this article, we review the expression of regulatory genes in taste buds and their involvement in taste bud cell differentiation. Three major topics include: 1) the Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-expressing cell in the basal cell in taste buds as a transient precursor of elongated cells and as a signal center for the proliferation of progenitor cells; 2) the Mash1-expressing cell as an immature cell state of both Type II and Type III cells and as a mature cell state of Type III cell; and 3) the nerve dependency of gene expression in taste buds. Problems in the application of NCAM for the type III cell marker are also discussed. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles Fatigue and damage to the masseter muscle by prolonged low-frequency stimulation in the rat. Dec 2005 Konosuke Yamasaki,Shuitsu Harada,Itsuro Higuchi,Mitsuhiro Osame,Gakuji Ito This study aimed to examine peripheral fatigue and the resultant damage to the masseter muscle due to prolonged low-frequency stimulation. Thirty male rats were divided into S1, S2, S4, Dantr and Sham groups. The left masseters were used as experimental muscles. A pair of stimulation electrodes was... ( view more ) placed on the left masseter. A stimulating session included rectangular electric pulses of 18 Hz (5 mA, approximately 18 V, 0.7 ms) for 2 h with a 3 min rest period between sessions. One session was given to the S1 group, two sessions to the S2 group and four sessions to the S4 group. Four sessions were given to the Dantr group with administration of dantrolene to determine any artifacts of the electrical current. No electric stimulation was given to both side masseters in the Sham group or to the control (right) masseters in the other groups. In each session, jaw-closing force increased to a peak within 1 min and attenuated to the steady force. The peak force decreased as the session advanced in each group. Both side masseters were dissected after the stimulations and examined histologically. The experimental masseter was significantly heavier than that of the controls in the S1, S2 and S4 groups, and the muscle fibres showed irregularity of size and shape with enlargement of interstitial space and infiltration of mononuclear cells into the fibres. However, no such histological change was observed in the Dantr and Sham groups. It was confirmed that fatigue and damage to muscle fibres could be induced in masticatory muscles by prolonged low-frequency stimulation. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Changes in microstructure and gene expression of articular chondrocytes cultured in a tube under mechanical stress. Feb 2005 Shuitsu Maeda,Jun Nishida,Takashi Sato,Yoshio Inomata,Tadashi Shimamura,Saburo Horiuchi OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of mechanical stress on chondrocytes cultured in a tube. Centrifugal pressure was applied to chondrocytes cultured in a tube for 28 days, and the effect of this stress was evaluated using a molecular biological method. DESIGN: Articu... ( view more )lar cartilage was harvested from a rabbit. A cell suspension was then prepared, and transferred in 1 ml aliquots to polypropylene tubes. After 48 h of incubation, centrifugal pressure (6.9 MPa) was applied every 24 h. Changes in morphology, expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and type II collagen, cell number, wet weight and protein concentration were evaluated. RESULTS: Microscopically, formation of chondrocyte clusters was seen in the cultures subjected to stress. Ultrastructurally, collagen fibers were seen to run parallel to the cytoplasmic surface of the stressed chondrocytes. The peak of IGF-I mRNA expression was seen on day 5, whereas type II collagen mRNA expression peaked on day 14. Cell number, wet weight and protein concentration were significantly increased in the stressed cultures. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that mechanical stress might affect the arrangement of collagen fibers and the IGF-I activity of chondrocytes cultured in a tube, thus influencing chondrocyte proliferation and increasing the volume of the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, mechanical stress may also affect the metabolism of articular cartilage in vitro. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Developmental changes in sugar responses of the chorda tympani nerve in preweanling rats. Mar 2004 Shuitsu Harada,Shinji Maeda To clarify developmental changes in the gustatory system of the rat, integrated taste responses from the chorda tympani (CT) nerve were recorded and analyzed at different postnatal ages. The response magnitude was calculated relative to the response to the standard, 0.1 M NH4Cl. Even at 1 week of a... ( view more )ge, the CT responded well to all tested 0.1 M chloride salts (NH4Cl, NaCl, LiCl, KCl, RbCl and CsCl). The responses to 0.1 M NaCl and LiCl increased with increasing age of the rat while response magnitudes to KCl, RbCl and CsCl did not change up to 8 weeks. At 1 week, the integrated response pattern was quite similar to that in adult rats for NaCl, HCl and quinine hydrochloride (QHCl). The concentration-response functions for NaCl, HCl, QHCl and sucrose at 2 weeks were essentially the same as those at 8 weeks. These results suggest that taste buds in the 2-week-old rat are functionally mature for the detection of the four basic taste stimuli. The relative magnitude of the responses to the various sugars was smaller at 1 week compared to the adult rat and reached a maximum at weeks 3-4, then decreased gradually with age. Among the six sugars, sucrose was the most effective followed by lactose. From weeks 1-4, the magnitude of the integrated taste response to fructose was smaller than that to lactose except at 3 weeks of age. Maltose, galactose and glucose were less potent stimuli than the other sugars tested. The response magnitude to lactose at 4 weeks had decreased compared to that for the other sugars. Taste responses to the sugars in preweanling and adult rats were not cross-adapted by the individual sugars. These results suggest that after 1 week of age during postnatal development in the rat, taste information from the CT rapidly increases in its importance for feeding behavior. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Enhancement of sucrose sweetness with soluble starch in humans. Jan 2002 Norikazu Kanemaru,Shuitsu Harada,Yasuo Kasahara The effect of soluble starch (acid-modified starch) on taste intensity was investigated in human subjects. Different concentrations of sucrose (Suc), six sweeteners, NaCl, quinine-HCl (QHCl) and citric acid (Cit) were dissolved in either distilled water (DW; standard) or starch solution (test solut... ( view more )ion). The solutions were presented to naive subjects and each subject was requested to taste and compare the sweetness intensity between the standard and test solutions based on a scale ranging from +3 (enhanced) to -3 (inhibited). A greater sweetness intensity occurred with Suc at different concentration (0.1-1.0 M) dissolved in soluble starch (0.125% to 4.0%) than with Suc in DW. Similarly, five other different products of soluble starch at 0.25 and 4.0% resulted in enhancement of sweetness for 0.3 and 1.0 M Suc. With the sole exception of the taste of 0.3 M Suc, sweet enhancement did not occur with 0.43 M fructose, 0.82 M glucose, 0.82 M sorbitol, 0.0037 M aspartame, 0.0042 M saccharin-Na or 0.016 M cyclamate. Neither the saltiness of NaCl (0.01-0.3 M), the bitterness of QHCl (0.00003-0.001 M) nor the sourness of Cit (0.0003-0.01 M) were affected by the soluble starch. These results suggest that the taste enhancing effects of soluble starch on Suc sweetness might depend not only on the taste transduction mechanism, but also on the molecular interaction between Suc and soluble starch. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Page 1 of 1 1 (7 articles found)

      
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