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GST Primary GST Primary Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Im... Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Improvement - Diabetes Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibio... Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-b... Systematic review assessing the effect of ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibiotics Management Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-based Practice Center, 117 Encina Commons, Stanford, CA 94305-6019, Kathy.mcdonald@stanford.edu Systematic review assessing the effect of quality improvement strategies on appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and appropriate choice of antibiotics. Adherence Adherence Assistive Devices Assistive Devices Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan CLSA_9 CLSA_9 Cyberabuse Cyberabuse Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent ... This review included randomized trials abo... Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent Men who Batter Their Partners This review included randomized trials about the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on domestic violence. The intervention included programs based on the Duluth Model. The violence had to be committed by a male toward his female partner. The violence also had to be physical. The primary outcomes were new arrests and convictions, and new reports of violence. CABG vs PCI CABG vs PCI Quality Improvement Strategies for Prevent... Quality Improvement Strategies for Preventing Nosocomial Infections (Created 17-Feb-06) Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma Control Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce S... This review was the first part of a projec... Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the first part of a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of smoking cessation interventions on reducing socio-economic differences. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio... This review was the second part in a proje... Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the second part in a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of interventions on reducing socio-economic differences in diet and physical activity. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the d... Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the data in the published report. We used SRS only for an updated search. The review included randomized trials about the effect of welfare-to-work programs. Participants were welfare recipients. There were basically two types of programs. The educational type tried to build knowledge and skills in order to help the welfare recipients acquire jobs that could support them economically. The "work first" approach was more aimed at getting the participants quickly into a job. Exercise interventions for the management ... The objective of this systematic review wa... Exercise interventions for the management of frailty The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of current exercise interventions on the management of frailty. A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, Cinahl, Scopus, Ageline, Eric, and SportDiscus databases was conducted and produced 1808 citations. So far we have completed 2 levels of “title and abstract” screening and we ended up with 262 articles. We have just started the full text screening. Eligibility criteria included original studies whose participants were identified as frail or prefrail with specific criteria and in which structured physical activity was included as at least one component of the intervention. Create a free account, build a dictionary with saved terms to re-use later! Public Domestic Violence - Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Workfare Exercise Interventions for the Management of Frailty Search     Simple Advanced Refine (4 coded questions)  Any of these:   Exact Phrase: All of these: None of these: Author: Periodical: Projects: No restrictions   Libraries: Public   Select SRS Projects Show Saved Terms Select Library Show articles that do not have abstracts  Language English French German Italian Japanese Russian Spanish Afrikaans Albanian Unknown Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Bosnian Bulgarian Catalan Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Esperanto Estonian Finnish Georgian Greek, Modern Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Kinyarwanda Korean Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Malay Malayalam Maori Multiple Languages Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Pushto Romanian Sanskrit Scottish gaelic Serbian Slovak Slovenian Swedish Thai Turkish Ukrainian Vietnamese Not English Not French Humans or Animals Humans Animals Ages All Infant: birth-23 months All Child: 0-18 years All Adult: 19+ years Newborn: birth-1 month Infant: 1-23 months Preschool Child: 2-5 years Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Middle Aged + Aged: 45+ years Aged: 65+ years 80 and over: 80+ years Undetermined Type of Article Clinical Trial Editorial Letter Meta-Analysis Practice Guideline Randomized Controlled Trial Review Addresses Bibliography Biography Case Reports Classical Article Clinical Conference Clinical Trial, Phase I Clinical Trial, Phase II Clinical Trial, Phase III Clinical Trial, Phase IV Comment Comparative Study Consensus Development Conference Consensus Development Conference, NIH Controlled Clinical Trial Corrected and Republished Article Dictionary Directory Duplicate Publication English Abstract Evaluation Studies Festschrift Government Publications Guideline Historical Article Interview In Vitro Journal Article Lectures Legal Cases Legislation Multicenter Study News Newspaper Article Overall Patient Education Handout Periodical Index Published Erratum Retracted Publication Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 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Retraction of Publication Scientific Integrity Review Support of Research Technical Report Twin Study Validation Studies Not a Primary Study or Review Unknown Primary Study Case Series Case Control Cohort Study Observational Study Qualitative Research CBA or ITS Registry Double Blind Controlled before after study Quasi-randomized trial Simple before after study Cluster-RCT Non-Randomized Study Report Book Book chapter Dissertation Conference procedings Secondary Research Not RCT Results(1-25 of 3,520) Sort By: Publication Date Relevance Took: 1.495 seconds to search 17,750,454  Action: Copy Results to new Clipboard Build Search Link Page 1 of 141 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (3520 articles found) [Liver transplantation in adults: a caseload from Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile] Jul 2002 Juan Hepp,Horacio Ríos,Leopoldo Suárez,Mónica Zaror,Marta Quiroga,Gabriela Rodríguez,Rodrigo Valderrama,Roberto Humeres,Franco Innocenti,Edgar Sanhueza,Rodrigo Zapata,Rubén Cárdenas,José M Palacios,Juan Abarca,Carlos Montalván,Luis M Noriega,Domingo Videla,Enrique Reynolds,Ricardo Espinoza,Renato Sandoval,Montserrat Rius BACKGROUND: The success of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has resulted in its widespread use for different liver diseases. AIM: To report our 8 years experience with adult OLT at Clinica Alemana de Santiago. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all transplantations done at the center, we recorded patie... ( view more )nt's overall data and survival, postoperative medical and surgical complications and causes of death. RESULTS: Between November 1993 and September 2001, 51 consecutive OLT were performed in 44 patients (22 females, median age 45 years old). Thirty eight patients presented with chronic and 6 with acute or sub-acute liver failure. Cryptogenic cirrhosis and hepatitis C infection were the most common causes for OLT. Postoperative bleeding and extrahepatic biliary complications were seen in 17.6 and 21.5% of cases respectively. Acute rejection, bacterial infections, CMV infection or disease and post OLT hemodialysis were the most common medical complications (51, 31, 19.6 and 19.6% of cases respectively). The overall 1 and 5 years survival rates were 80% and 73% respectively. Considering exclusively the last 22 OLT performed since January 1999, the 1 year survival rate has improved to 91%. CONCLUSIONS: Liver transplantation in Chile provides a good long term survival with acceptable morbidity, due to a multidisciplinary approach management. The survival rates have improved over the last few years probably due to better surgical techniques, ICU care and immunosuppression. These overall results are comparable with those from other Centers in developed countries. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Association study of 10 genes encoding neurotrophic factors and their receptors in adult and child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. May 15, 2008 Marta Ribasés,Amaia Hervás,Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga,Rosa Bosch,Anna Bielsa,Xavier Gastaminza,Mònica Fernández-Anguiano,Mariana Nogueira,Núria Gómez-Barros,Sergi Valero,Mònica Gratacòs,Xavier Estivill,Miquel Casas,Bru Cormand,Mònica Bayés BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset psychiatric disorder that often persists into adolescence and adulthood and is characterized by inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity. Genetic and environmental factors are belie... ( view more )ved to be involved in the continuity of the disorder as well as in changes in ADHD symptomatology throughout life. Neurotrophic factors (NTFs), which participate in neuronal survival and synaptic efficiency, are strong candidates to contribute to the neuroplasticity changes that take place in the human central nervous system during childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood and might be involved in the genetic predisposition to ADHD. METHODS: We performed a population-based association study in 546 ADHD patients (216 adults and 330 children) and 546 gender-matched unrelated control subjects with 183 single nucleotide polymorphisms covering 10 candidate genes that encode four neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NTF3, and NTF4/5), a member of the cytokine family of NTFs (CNTF), and their receptors (NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, NGFR, and CNTFR). RESULTS: The single-marker and haplotype-based analyses provided evidence of association between CNTFR and both adulthood (p = .0077, odds ratio [OR] = 1.38) and childhood ADHD (p = 9.1e-04, OR = 1.40) and also suggested a childhood-specific contribution of NTF3 (p = 3.0e-04, OR = 1.48) and NTRK2 (p = .0084, OR = 1.52) to ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that variations in NTFs might be involved in the genetic susceptibility to ADHD, support the contribution of the CNTFR locus as a predisposition factor for the disorder, and suggest that NTF3 and NTRK2 might be involved in the molecular basis of the age-dependent changes in ADHD symptoms throughout life span. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Monitoring plasma antibiotic concentrations in Spanish hospitals] Jan 2006 Francisco Alvarez-Lerma,Santiago Grau,Mónica Marín-Casino,Pedro Olaechea,Miguel Sánchez,Estrella Martín,Miquel Pujol,GEIPC-SEIMC BACKGROUND: Monitoring of plasma aminoglycoside and vancomycin concentrations is a measure of good clinical practice in critically ill patients. However, the frequency and application of this practice in Spanish hospitals is unknown. METHODS: Observational, multicenter study based on a survey desig... ( view more )ned by the Study Group for Infection in the Critically Ill Patient of the Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC, Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology). The survey was sent to the 221 general hospitals with a more than 150-bed capacity included in the hospital directory. Questions regarding the antibiotics monitored, hospital services involved, systems used to report the results, and levels of intervention were included. RESULTS: Information was recorded from 56 (25.3%) hospitals with a total of 36,886 beds, among which 933 (2.5%) corresponded to critically ill patients. In 47 (83.9%) hospitals, plasma concentrations of one or two antibiotics were determined: vancomycin in 47 (83.9% of the total), amikacin in 41 (73.2%), and gentamicin in 40 (71.2%). Analyses were performed by the following services: Biochemistry in 34%, Pharmacy in 25.5% and Pharmacology in 8.5%. Only 57.4% of services recommended dose adjustments according to the results obtained, using eight different dose adjustment models. CONCLUSIONS: In 16% of the hospitals surveyed, monitoring of antibiotic concentrations was not performed in daily practice. There was considerable variation in all phases of the process, especially with regard to adjustment of plasma antibiotic concentrations. Consensus recommendations established by all the Services implicated are required to standardize monitoring of plasma antibiotic concentrations. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Oral manifestations of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy: a case report. 2002 Jul-Aug Mônica Fernandes Gomes,Ana Maria Albernaz Camargo,Tatiane Alves Sampaio,Maria Aparecida O C Graziozi,Mônica Costa Armond Albright hereditary osteodystrophy is a hereditary metabolic disorder of dominant autosomal etiology that is commonly characterized by short stature, round face, small metacarpus and metatarsus, mental retardation, osteoporosis, subcutaneous calcification, variable hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatem... ( view more )ia. In this study, we report a clinical case of a 17-year-old woman with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, and we discuss her clinical, radiographic, and laboratory test characteristics together with the oral manifestations, and we correlate them with the characteristics found in the literature. We also discuss the odontological management of treatment of related periodontal disease and planning for corrections of related malocclusions. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Acanthamoeba castellanii: identification and distribution of actin cytoskeleton. Jul 2008 Arturo González-Robles,Guadalupe Castañón,Verónica Ivonne Hernández-Ramírez,Lizbeth Salazar-Villatoro,Mónica González-Lázaro,Maritza Omaña-Molina,Patricia Talamás-Rohana,Adolfo Martínez-Palomo The presence of the cytoskeleton of Acanthamoeba castellanii was observed by means of cryo-electronmicroscopy and immunofluorescence techniques. This structure is formed largely by fibers and networks of actin located mainly in cytoplasmic locomotion structures as lamellipodia and as well as in var... ( view more )ious endocytic structures. In addition, the comparison between total actin content in whole extracts among different amoebae was made. The molecular weight of actin in A. castellanii was 44 kDa, and 45 kDa for Naegleria fowleri and Entamoeba histolytica. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Surveillance and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Spanish hospitals. A GEIH-SEIMC and SEMPSPH consensus document.] May 2008 Jesús Rodríguez-Baño,Cornelia Bischofberger,Francisco Alvarez-Lerma,Angel Asensio,Teresa Delgado,Dolores García-Arcal,Lola García-Ortega,M Jesús Hernández,Jesús Molina-Cabrillana,Carmen Pérez-Canosa,Miquel Pujol,M. Pujol and Grupos de Estudio de Infección Hospitalaria (GEIH) and de Infección en el Paciente Crítico (GEIPC) of Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC) and Sociedad Española de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública e Higiene (SEMPSPH) A GEIH-SEIMC and SEMPSPH consensus document Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen, both in-hospital and in the community. Although there are several guidelines with recommendations for the control of this microorganism, the measures proposed are not uniformly i... ( view more )mplemented in Spanish hospitals. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations that are applicable to Spanish hospitals, with the aim of reducing transmission of MRSA in our health care centers. The recommendations are divided into the following groups: surveillance, active detection of colonization in patients and health care workers, control measures for colonized or infected patients, decolonization therapy, environmental cleaning and disinfection, antimicrobial consumption, measures for non-hospitalized patients, and others. The main measures recommended include appropriate surveillance, hand hygiene, and implementation of active surveillance, contact precautions, and environmental cleaning. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Association of NTRK3 and its interaction with NGF suggest an altered cross-regulation of the neurotrophin signaling pathway in eating disorders. May 1, 2008 Josep Maria Mercader,Ester Saus,Zaida Agüera,Mònica Bayés,Claudette Boni,Anna Carreras,Elena Cellini,Rafael de Cid,Mara Dierssen,Geòrgia Escaramís,Fernando Fernández-Aranda,Laura Forcano,Xavier Gallego,Juan Ramón González,Philip Gorwood,Johannes Hebebrand,Anke Hinney,Benedetta Nacmias,Anna Puig,Marta Ribasés,Valdo Ricca,Lucia Romo,Sandro Sorbi,Audrey Versini,Mònica Gratacòs,Xavier Estivill Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric diseases that include anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, and have higher than 50% heritability. Previous studies have found association of BDNF and NTRK2 to ED, while animal models suggest that other neurotrophin genes might also be involved in eati... ( view more )ng behavior. We have performed a family-based association study with 151 TagSNPs covering 10 neurotrophin signaling genes: NGFB, BDNF, NTRK1, NGFR/p75, NTF4/5, NTRK2, NTF3, NTRK3, CNTF and CNTFR in 371 ED trios of Spanish, French and German origin. Besides several nominal associations, we found a strong significant association after correcting for multiple testing (P = 1.04 x 10(-4)) between ED and rs7180942, located in the NTRK3 gene, which followed an overdominant model of inheritance. Interestingly, HapMap unrelated individuals carrying the rs7180942 risk genotypes for ED showed higher levels of expression of NTRK3 in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Furthermore, higher expression of the orthologous murine Ntrk3 gene was also detected in the hypothalamus of the anx/anx mouse model of anorexia. Finally, variants in NGFB gene appear to modify the risk conferred by the NTRK3 rs7180942 risk genotypes (P = 4.0 x 10(-5)) showing a synergistic epistatic interaction. The reported data, in addition to the previous reported findings for BDNF and NTRK2, point neurotrophin signaling genes as key regulators of eating behavior and their altered cross-regulation as susceptibility factors for EDs. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Developmental exposure to endocrine disruptor chemicals alters follicular dynamics and steroid levels in Caiman latirostris. May 1, 2008 Cora Stoker,Pablo M Beldoménico,Verónica L Bosquiazzo,Marcelo A Zayas,Florencia Rey,Horacio Rodríguez,Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro,Enrique H Luque Human and wildlife are exposed at critical periods of development to endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDC) that may be responsible for reproductive disorders. To test the hypothesis that in ovum exposure to EDC at a critical period for gonadal organogenesis alters post-hatching folliculogenesis and s... ( view more )teroidogenesis in Caiman latirostris, we studied the impact of in ovum exposure to 17 beta-estradiol (E2), bisphenol A (BPA), endosulfan (END) and atrazine (ATZ) on gonadal differentiation, follicular dynamics and circulating levels of steroid hormones in neonatal and juvenile caiman. Since C. latirostris is a species with temperature dependent sex determination, eggs were incubated at male (33 degrees C) or female (30 degrees C) producing temperatures and the effect of EDC was evaluated. Neonatal ovaries exhibited germ cells mainly located in clusters evidencing proliferative activity and type I to III follicles. Juvenile ovaries exhibited germ cells and advanced stages of pre-vitellogenic follicles. Prenatal exposure to the highest doses of E2 (1.4 ppm) or BPA (140 ppm) overrode male temperature effect on sex determination. Neonatal females produced by sex reversion lacked type III follicles, while females prenatally exposed to the lowest doses of E2 (0.014 ppm) and BPA (1.4 ppm) or ATZ (0.2 ppm) showed an increase in type III follicles. Juvenile caiman prenatally exposed to E2 or BPA showed an augmented incidence of multioocyte follicles. Neonatal female caiman exposed in ovum to E2 or BPA had higher estrogen serum levels whereas exposure to E2, BPA, ATZ and END decreased T levels. Present data demonstrates that exposure to EDC during gonadal organogenesis alters follicular dynamics and steroid levels later in life. These effects might have an impact on caiman fertility. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Loss of appetite in elderly people in the community and its relationship with functional capacity.] Apr 19, 2008 Mateu Serra Prat,Xavier Fernández,Laura Ribó,Elisabet Palomera,Mònica Papiol,Pere Serra BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The reasons of anorexia of ageing are multiple and not well-known. One of them is loss of appetite. We aimed to know the prevalence of self-reported appetite-loss in the elderly and its relationship with nutritional status, muscle strength and functional capacity. SUBJECTS... ( view more ) AND METHOD: A population based cross-sectional study in which 236 non-institutionalized subjects over 70 years were randomly selected. Hand grip, functional capacity and nutritional status were assessed and a specific questionnaire was administered to assess appetite. Anorexia or loss of appetite was considered when subjects declared none or low usual appetite both in breakfast and lunch time. RESULTS: A 30.0% global prevalence of anorexia was observed (37.1% in females and 17.9% in males; p = 0.001). Loss of appetite was related to higher risk of malnutrition (41% in anorexic vs 27% in non-anorexic; p = 0.039), lower muscular strength and poorer functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of appetite in the elderly has a high prevalence and must alert about frailty. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Recommendations for antibiotic monitoring in ICU patients] Apr 2008 Francisco Alvarez-Lerma,Pedro Olaechea,Santiago Grau,Mónica Marín,Alfonso Domínguez,José Martínez-Lanao,Dolors Soy,Manuel Alos,María Victoria Calvo,Belén Sádaba,Africa Mediavilla,Daniel Fatela,Grupo de Estudio de Infección en el paciente crítico (GEIPC-SEIMC) Monitoring plasma concentrations of antimicrobial agents used to treat infection in critically ill patients is one of the recommended strategies for improving clinical outcome. Drug monitoring has a double AIM: to limit adverse events and to increase the effectiveness of the drugs. In clinical prac... ( view more )tice, however, this approach is mainly limited to monitoring plasma concentrations of vancomycin and aminoglycosides, although future extension to other antimicrobial agents would be desirable. Application of this technique varies considerably between hospitals, and this makes interpretation and comparison of the results obtained difficult. For this reason, representatives of various scientific societies related to the pharmacokinetic area have developed a series of recommendations for monitoring plasma concentrations of antimicrobials using vancomycin and several aminoglycosides as the reference. The recommendations are based on 14 questions encompassing all steps of the process: indication for the test, blood sampling (timing of blood collection, blood volume, tubes), transport to the laboratory, techniques applied, normal values, dose adjustment, and reporting the RESULTS: The purpose of these guidelines is to develop a process of monitoring plasma antimicrobial concentrations that is as homogeneous as possible to facilitate the design of multicenter studies, as well as the interpretation and comparison of results. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Role of pulse pressure, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in the prediction of cardiovascular risk. Cohort study] Mar 22, 2008 José Miguel Baena-Díez,Noemí Bermúdez-Chillida,Manel García-Lareo,Alice Olivia Byram,Marc Vidal-Solsona,Mónica Vilató-García,Claudia Gómez-Fernández,Javier Ernesto Vásquez-Lazo BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To analize the role of pulse pressure (PP), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), in the prediction of cardiovascular risk. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A prospective cohort study carried out in 2 primary care center, including 932 patients aged between 35-84 years ol... ( view more )d, without cardiovascular events, selected by simple random sampling, and with an 8 year follow-up. PP, SBP, and DBP were categorized in tertiles, comparing the upper with the 2 lowers. First cardiovascular event, whether fatal or not, such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease was recorded as a composite variable. Results were studied according to Cox models, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and diabetes mellitus. We studied the correlation between PP with SBP, DBP, and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: We registered 85 cardiovascular events: 43 cases of coronary heart disease, 27 cerebrovascular disease, and 17 peripheral arterial disease. The adjusted hazard ratios for composite variable were: upper PP tertile (>/= 59 mmHg) = 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8-2.1); upper SBP tertile (>/= 140 mmHg) = 1.5 (95% CI, 1.0-2.5); upper DBP tertile (>/= 84 mmHg) = 1.1 (95% CI, 0.7-1.8). Results were similar for specific cardiovascular events. PP was correlated with SBP (r = 0.825; p < 0.001), age (r = 0.422; p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (r = 0.242; p < 0.001), and smoking (r = -0.158; p = 0.01), with adjusted hazard ratio for these variables of 1.0 (95% CI, 0.6-1.9). CONCLUSIONS: PP is an arterial pressure component very correlated with SBP and other factors, but is not a better cardiovascular risk predictor than SBP. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Extensive genotyping of the BDNF and NTRK2 genes define protective haplotypes against obsessive-compulsive disorder. Mar 15, 2008 Pino Alonso,Mónica Gratacòs,José M Menchón,Jerónimo Saiz-Ruiz,Cinto Segalàs,Enrique Baca-García,Javier Labad,José Fernández-Piqueras,Eva Real,Concepción Vaquero,Mercedes Pérez,Helen Dolengevich,Juan R González,Mónica Bayés,Rafael de Cid,Julio Vallejo,Xavier Estivill BACKGROUND: Family, twin and molecular studies provide increasing evidence for the importance of genetic factors in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Recent work suggests that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be involved in OCD pathophysiology. We used a linkage disequilibrium (LD)-m... ( view more )apping approach to investigate the role that BDNF and its specific receptor neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 (NTRK2) may play in increasing susceptibility to OCD. METHODS: Eight tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) covering the BDNF gene region and 46 tagSNPs in the NTRK2 region were genotyped in 215 OCD patients and 342 control subjects. Single nucleotide polymorphism association and haplotype analysis were performed. The possible relationship between genetic factors and clinical characteristics including age of OCD onset, tic disorders, clinical dimensions, and family history of OCD were investigated. RESULTS: Haplotype analysis revealed a significant association between OCD and a five-marker protective haplotype located toward the 5' of the BDNF gene (odds ratio [OR] = .80; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .69-.92; permutation p value = .006) containing the functional valine (Val)66-to-methionine (Met) variant. A significant association between a NTRK2 intronic SNP (rs2378672) and OCD was identified (p < .0001) in female patients under an additive model. A protective haplotype located in intron 19 of NTRK2 was also associated with OCD (OR = .76; 95% CI = .66-.87; permutation p value = .001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings support a role for the BDNF/NTRK2 signaling pathway in genetic susceptibility to OCD. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Dietary eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid equally incorporate as decosahexaenoic acid but differ in inflammatory effects. Mar 2008 Saleta Sierra,Federico Lara-Villoslada,Mònica Comalada,Mónica Olivares,Jordi Xaus OBJECTIVE: The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are involved in the modulation of the immune response. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) produced from dietary precursors may not be sufficient to match nutritional requirements and thus should be included in our diet. In t... ( view more )his sense, the administration of higher amounts of DHA than of EPA in infant formulations is recommended. The aims of this work were to demonstrate that dietary administration of EPA or DHA to mice allows reaching similar tissue DHA levels and to compare their anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of action. METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed diets enriched with EPA or DHA for 3 wk. Twelve hours before sacrifice, a contact dermatitis was induced in the ears of the animals. Tissue fatty acid contents were determined. Cytokine and immunoglobulin concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and ears were collected to analyze local inflammatory effects. RESULTS: The DHA concentrations attained in tissues were similar to the two diets, whereas the EPA concentration increased only when the diet was enriched with this polyunsaturated fatty acid. Although EPA and DHA reduced ear inflammation, EPA reduced neutrophil infiltration in the ears more efficiently. EPA was associated with a greater reduction in the systemic macrophage inflammatory response and T-helper type 2 response and with increased interleukin-10 production. CONCLUSION: Similar levels of DHA in tissues are reached in mice fed an EPA- or a DHA-enriched diet. Dietary EPA and DHA show anti-inflammatory properties, but EPA appears to be more potent. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Utility of transesophageal echocardiography in young patients with cryptogenic stroke and low cardiovascular risk] Mar 1, 2008 Carmen Rus Mansilla,Dolores Mesa Rubio,José Suárez de Lezo Cruz Conde,Ana Rodríguez Almodovar,Carmen Durán Torralbo,Mónica Delgado Ortega BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Stroke is a high morbimortality disease. In young patients, as many as 40% of acute strokes have no clearly identifiable cause (cryptogenic stroke) and this group of patients had until now limited therapeutic possibilities. However, transesophagical echocardiography (TEE) ... ( view more )is changing patient management. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We studied 100 consecutive patients aged 55 years old or less with cryptogenic stroke. TEE was performed in all of them. RESULTS: TEE was normal in 49 patients while in 51 patients it showed any abnormality: patent foramen ovale (PFO) was found in 29 patients, isolated atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) in 1 patient, PFO and ASA in 12 patients, 5 patients had a cardiac mass and in 4 patients we found severe aortic atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, TEE showed a cardiac source of stroke in 51% of patients. We changed patient management in 46 patients (90.2% of patients with abnormal TEE), indicating percutaneous treatment in 38 patients, surgery in 3 patients and anticoagulant therapy in 5 patients. CONCLUSIONS: TEE found a cardiac cause of stroke in 51% of young patients with cryptogenic stroke. These findings led to change the therapeutic management in 47% of patients. TEE seems to be a useful technique in young patients with cryptogenic stroke. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Association between paraoxonase-1 and paraoxonase-2 polymorphisms and the risk of acute myocardial infarction] Mar 2008 Mònica Guxens,Marta Tomás,Roberto Elosua,Elena Aldasoro,Antonio Segura,Miquel Fiol,Joan Sala,Joan Vila,Maria Fullana,Mariano Sentí,Gema Vega,Mónica de la Rica,Jaume Marrugat,investigadores del estudio IBERICA INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Two particular polymorphisms, namely PON1-192 and PON2-311, in the genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and paraoxonase-2 (PON2) have been associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, previous findings have been... ( view more ) contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the PON1-192 and PON2-311 polymorphisms and their interaction on AMI risk. METHODS: This case-control study involved 746 consecutive AMI patients and 1796 control subjects without cardiovascular disease, who were randomly selected from the same population from which the patients came. All participants were recruited between 1999 and 2000 from four Spanish autonomous regions. All were assessed for the presence of PON1-192 and PON2-311 and for classical cardiovascular risk factors. Multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: The odds ratios (OR) of AMI for patients with the PON1-192 QQ and PON2-311 SS genotypes (who comprised 50% and 66% of the population, respectively) were 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.55) and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.04-1.50), respectively, compared with R and C allele carriers. Moreover, in patients with both QQ and SS genotypes, the adjusted OR of AMI increased to 1.41 (95% CI, 1.13-1.76). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the PON1-192 and PON2-311 polymorphisms were independent risk factors of AMI in our population. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles D-Serine/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor signaling decreases DNA-binding activity of the transcriptional repressor DREAM in Müller glia from the retina. Feb 20, 2008 Erika Chavira-Suárez,Mónica Ramírez,Mónica Lamas In the adult retina, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) neurotoxicity induces Müller cell reactive gliosis which is characterized by changes in gene expression that lead to proliferation and affect retinal physiology. The amino acid D-serine is synthesized in Müller cells and modulates these processes act... ( view more )ing as a coagonist of NMDA receptors. We have found that the transcription factor DREAM (downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator), which acts as a transcriptional repressor by binding as a tetramer to regulatory elements located in the promoter region of target genes, is expressed in these cells and that its DNA-binding activity is modulated by NMDA receptor activation. Consistently, immunocytochemical analysis demonstrates that NMDA receptor activation induces changes in the nuclear localization of this transcription factor. DREAM is a pleiotropic transcription factor capable to repress and activate genes involved in several physiological events in different tissues. These results link, for the first time, this transcription factor with NMDA-receptor activation. Given the relevance of glutamatergic transmission in the retina and the remarkable functional plasticity of Müller cells, these findings support the notion that the NMDA receptor-dependent modulation of DREAM activity could play a role in relevant physiological processes ranging from retinal response to injury to differentiation capacity of retinal progenitor cells. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [The dynamics of mental health care: health professionals' signs, meanings, and practices in a Center for Psychosocial Care in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil] Jan 2008 Mônica Nunes,Maurice de Torrenté,Vitória Ottoni,Valfrido Moraes Neto,Mônica Santana This article analyzes the system of signs, meanings, and practices concerning mental health used by health professionals at a Center for Psychosocial Care (CAPS) in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. A nine-month ethnographic observation was conducted at the center, complimented by interviews and focus... ( view more ) groups involving all staff with university and secondary schooling. Three models of care coexist at the center: the humanized biomedical model; the psychosocial model, with an emphasis on the institution; and the psychosocial model, with an emphasis on the territory, thus highlighting elements of conflict between professionals in their perception of the desired psychiatric reform and the practices to be adopted in this perspective. When compared to the asylum-based model, there is unquestionable evidence of a transformation in the care provided, mainly based on a "clinic of encounter", rooted in questioning, thinking-through, and experimenting dialogical interpersonal relationships as well as the ability to listen to the other, which explains the clinical and social impact of this approach. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles RegulonDB (version 6.0): gene regulation model of Escherichia coli K-12 beyond transcription, active (experimental) annotated promoters and Textpresso navigation. Jan 2008 Socorro Gama-Castro,Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto,Martín Peralta-Gil,Alberto Santos-Zavaleta,Mónica I Peñaloza-Spinola,Bruno Contreras-Moreira,Juan Segura-Salazar,Luis Muñiz-Rascado,Irma Martínez-Flores,Heladia Salgado,César Bonavides-Martínez,Cei Abreu-Goodger,Carlos Rodríguez-Penagos,Juan Miranda-Ríos,Enrique Morett,Enrique Merino,Araceli M Huerta,Luis Treviño-Quintanilla,Julio Collado-Vides RegulonDB (http://regulondb.ccg.unam.mx/) is the primary reference database offering curated knowledge of the transcriptional regulatory network of Escherichia coli K12, currently the best-known electronically encoded database of the genetic regulatory network of any free-living organism. This pape... ( view more )r summarizes the improvements, new biology and new features available in version 6.0. Curation of original literature is, from now on, up to date for every new release. All the objects are supported by their corresponding evidences, now classified as strong or weak. Transcription factors are classified by origin of their effectors and by gene ontology class. We have now computational predictions for sigma(54) and five different promoter types of the sigma(70) family, as well as their corresponding -10 and -35 boxes. In addition to those curated from the literature, we added about 300 experimentally mapped promoters coming from our own high-throughput mapping efforts. RegulonDB v.6.0 now expands beyond transcription initiation, including RNA regulatory elements, specifically riboswitches, attenuators and small RNAs, with their known associated targets. The data can be accessed through overviews of correlations about gene regulation. RegulonDB associated original literature, together with more than 4000 curation notes, can now be searched with the Textpresso text mining engine. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles D-serine regulates CREB phosphorylation induced by NMDA receptor activation in Müller glia from the retina. Oct 29, 2007 Mónica Lamas,Irene Lee-Rivera,Mónica Ramírez,Ana María López-Colomé D-serine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor coagonist predominantly produced by glial cells in the brain and the retina. Whereas a role for D-serine as a modulator of NMDA receptors in neurons has been suggested, its function in glial cells has not been analyzed. We here show that D-serine ... ( view more )modulates gene expression in Müller glial cells from the retina through the induction of transcription factor CREB phosphorylation and the expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos. Pharmacological analysis indicates that D-serine effect involves NMDA receptor activation. Comparison of the effect of D-serine in Müller cells, hippocampal astrocytes and hippocampal neurons suggests that D-serine could function as a retinal NMDA receptor coagonist activating functionally relevant transcription factor pathways in glial cells. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Comparison of the antibacterial activity of honey from different provenance against bacteria usually isolated from skin wounds. Oct 6, 2007 Claudia Basualdo,Verónica Sgroy,Mónica S Finola,Juan M Marioli The antibacterial activity of honey samples provided by apiarists and honey packers was tested against microorganisms usually isolated from skin wounds. The antibacterial activity was tested using the well-agar diffusion assay. The honey samples were tested without dilution, and at 75, 50, 30, and ... ( view more )10% (w/v) dilution. Most of the undiluted honey samples inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Some honey samples provided by apiarists also inhibited the growth of S. aureus even at 50% dilution. Undiluted honey samples also inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus uberis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, although to a lesser extent. No inhibition of Micrococcus luteus and Enterococcus faecalis growth was detected. The diameters of the inhibition zones generated by honey samples provided by apiarists were larger than those generated by honey samples provided by honey packers. This observation may be explained by considering the provenance of the honey samples. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Participation of glucose transporters on atrial natriuretic peptide-induced glucose uptake by adult and neonatal cardiomyocytes under oxygenation and hypoxia. Jul 30, 2007 Verónica Sosa,Roxana Carbó,Verónica Guarner Natriuretic peptides, beside their endocrine actions, have paracrine functions which include regulating glucose uptake and metabolism. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) actions are mediated by cGMP which is implicated in the metabolic adaptation of glucose metabolism to oxygen deprivation in the hea... ( view more )rt. Although, it has been reported that ANP increases glucose uptake, cGMP decreases it. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the role of the glucose transporters 1 and 4 (GLUTS), in glucose uptake produced by ANP in fatty acid-dependent adult cardiomyocytes and glucose-dependent neonatal cardiomyocytes under oxygenation and hypoxia, which reverts adult metabolism to glucose-dependent. We also explored if the calcium-calmodulin complex participates in ANP-induced increase in glucose uptake. Neonatal cells had a higher glucose uptake than adult cells and GLUT 1 participated in basal uptake in both cell types. Hypoxia increased glucose uptake in adult cardiomyocytes but not in neonatal cells and this increase in glucose uptake was mediated by GLUT4. ANP increased glucose uptake in both adult and neonatal myocytes, under oxygenation and hypoxia, and GLUT4 favored this increase. Neonatal cells were less sensitive to ANP. Trifluoperazine, a calcium-calmodulin blocker, inhibited the ANP-induced increase in glucose uptake. This suggests that ANP promotes GLUT 4 calcium-mediated recruitment to the cell membrane. In conclusion, glucose uptake regulation is one of the paracrine metabolic effects of ANP in adult and neonatal cardiomyocytes under oxygenation and hypoxia. This effect of this peptide could explain the beneficial effects found in the internal medicine and surgical fields. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles [Predictive value of lipoprotein (a) and apolipoprotein A1 in patients with angiographycally evaluated coronary stenosis] Apr 28, 2007 José Domingo Sagastagoitia,Marta Vacas,Yolanda Sáez,Idoia Narváez,Jesús Pablo Sáez de Lafuente,Enrique Molinero,Manuel Lafita,Ana Magro,Antonio Escobar,Begoña Martínez,Mónica Santos,Rosario Caso,José Antonio Iriarte BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between blood levels of lipids, hemostatic and inflammatory markers and the presence of angiographycally evaluated coronary stenosis. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We included 397 consecutive patients (267 males and 130 females) who were admitted to the ... ( view more )hospital because of an acute episode of chest pain. Each patient underwent a coronariography using the Seldinger technique. A blood sample was drawn to analyze lipids -total cholesterol, high density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDLc), triglycerides, low density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDLc), apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B100, lipoprotein (a)-, hemostatic (fibrinogen, D-dimmer), and inflammatory (C-reactive protein, leukocyte count) markers. To evaluate the differences between mean values of quantitative variables, the Student's t-test was used for parametric variables and the Mann Whitney U test for non-parametric variables. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. A logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the influence of high levels of the studied parameters on the presence of coronary obstruction. RESULTS: 295 patients had coronary stenosis (group 1) and 102 had not a significant obstruction (group 2). Patients with coronary stenosis had higher values of lipoprotein (a), D-dimmer, C-reactive protein and leukocyte count and lower HDLc, apolipoprotein A1 and total cholesterol. When markers were dichotomized in high values (fourth quartile) and low (first-third quartile), high lipoprotein (a) (odds ratio [OR] = 2.508; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.222-5.145) and apolipoprotein A1 levels (OR = 0.472; 95% CI, 0.267-0.837) were significant using the multivariate logistic regression model adjusted sex, tobacco and age. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients undergoing coronary angiography, high lipoprotein (a) levels are independently associated with the presence of coronary obstruction whereas high apolipoprotein A1 values show a protective effect. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles [Subtelomeric deletion 9qter: definition of the syndrome and parental origin in 2 patients] Mar 24, 2007 Mónica Roselló,Sandra Monfort,Carmen Orellana,Silvestre Oltra,Isabel Martínez Garay,Francisco Martínez BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Subtelomeric chromosome imbalances are increasingly known as a cause for mental retardation. New phenotypes associated with specific rearrangements are also being delineated, such as 9q microdeletion syndrome. Here we define the major phenotypic features and the parental o... ( view more )rigin of 9q deletion. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We present 2 children with a phenotype that is characterized by mental retardation, distinctive facial features and congenital anomalies. Both patients showed a chromosome 9q subtelomeric deletion detected by MLPA (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification), and confirmed by FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization). In order to delimit the size and the parental origin of 9q deletion, we performed microsatellite segregation analyses. RESULTS: We identified 2 patients with a de novo terminal deletion of the chromosome region 9q34. The deleted region spanned less than 0.8 and 1.5 Mb, respectively, affecting in both cases the paternal chromosome. CONCLUSIONS: 9q34 deletion syndrome appears as a clinically recognizable phenotype characterised by moderate-severe mental retardation, hypotonia, flat face with hyperthelorism, synophrys, anteverted nares, carp-shaped mouth with protruding tongue and conotruncal heart defects. Most de novo deletions arise in the chromosomes of paternal origin. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles Oral intake of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 enhances the effects of influenza vaccination. Mar 2007 Mónica Olivares,Maria Paz Díaz-Ropero,Saleta Sierra,Federico Lara-Villoslada,Juristo Fonollá,Mónica Navas,Juan Miguel Rodríguez,Jordi Xaus OBJECTIVE: We studied the coadjuvant capability of oral consumption of the breast-milk-isolated strain Lactobacillus fermentum (CECT5716) for an anti-influenza vaccine. METHODS: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled human clinical trial including 50 volunteers (31 male and 19 female) was... ( view more ) performed to address the immunologic effects of an intramuscular anti-influenza vaccine in adults (33.0 +/- 7.7 y old). Fifty percent of volunteers received an oral daily dose of methylcellulose (placebo) or probiotic bacteria (1 x 10(10) colony-forming units/d) 2 wk before vaccination and 2 wk after vaccination. RESULTS: Two weeks after vaccination there was an increase in the proportion of natural killer cells in the probiotic group but not in the placebo group. The vaccination induced an increase in T-helper type 1 cytokine concentrations and in T-helper and T-cytotoxic proportions in both groups; however, the probiotic group showed a significant higher induction in some of these parameters. Regarding the humoral effects, induction of antibody response in the placebo group could not be detected. In the case of the probiotic group, a significant increase in antigen specific immunoglobulin A was detected. Although an increase in total immunoglobulin M was observed, changes in anti-influenza antigen specific immunoglobulin M were not observed. The incidence of an influenza-like illness during 5 mo after vaccination (October to February) was lower in the group consuming the probiotic bacteria. CONCLUSION: Oral administration of the strain L. fermentum CECT5716 potentates the immunologic response of an anti-influenza vaccine and may provide enhanced systemic protection from infection by increasing the T-helper type 1 response and virus-neutralizing antibodies. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles [Design and early results of a proactive telephone-based smoking cessation treatment compared with face-to-face group sessions] Feb 24, 2007 José María Carreras Castellet,Isabel Fletes Dóniga,Mónica Quesada Laborda,Beatriz Sánchez Torrecilla,Leopoldo Sánchez Agudo BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess an intensive proactive telephone smoking cessation program and compare it with a similar group in face to face treatment. DESIGN: A prospective, controlled, observational study performed during daily clinical practice. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Participants: 383 smoke... ( view more )rs, 176 in telephone treatment and 207 in face to face group treatment, aged greater than 18 years old. They smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and both groups were recruited between April and November 2003. The study was performed between April 2003 and May 2004. Treatment technique: 11 congnitive-behavioral interventions for six months plus 24 hour nicotine patches in standard doses and 2 mg nicotine gum on demand. Main variable: Prolonged abstinence self-professed at 24 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 12, weeks, 16 weeks, 20 weeks and 24 weeks. RESULTS: In the first and second week, abstinence was significantly higher in the face to face group than in telephone treatment (1st. week 80.2% vs. 65.9% p = .001; 2nd. week 77.3% vs 65.3% p = .007). Subsequently, the difference was not significant, and at 24 weeks abstinence remained similar for the two treatment methods, 54.6% in the face to face group treatment and 54.5% in telephone treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive smoking cessation treatment programs, with nicotine replacement therapy, are equally effective if performed by proactive telephone or in face to face treatment sessions. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles Page 1 of 141 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (3520 articles found)

      
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