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GST Primary GST Primary Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Im... Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Improvement - Diabetes Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibio... Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-b... Systematic review assessing the effect of ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibiotics Management Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-based Practice Center, 117 Encina Commons, Stanford, CA 94305-6019, Kathy.mcdonald@stanford.edu Systematic review assessing the effect of quality improvement strategies on appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and appropriate choice of antibiotics. Adherence Adherence Assistive Devices Assistive Devices Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan CLSA_9 CLSA_9 Cyberabuse Cyberabuse Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent ... This review included randomized trials abo... Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent Men who Batter Their Partners This review included randomized trials about the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on domestic violence. The intervention included programs based on the Duluth Model. The violence had to be committed by a male toward his female partner. The violence also had to be physical. The primary outcomes were new arrests and convictions, and new reports of violence. CABG vs PCI CABG vs PCI Quality Improvement Strategies for Prevent... Quality Improvement Strategies for Preventing Nosocomial Infections (Created 17-Feb-06) Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma Control Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce S... This review was the first part of a projec... Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the first part of a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of smoking cessation interventions on reducing socio-economic differences. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio... This review was the second part in a proje... Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the second part in a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of interventions on reducing socio-economic differences in diet and physical activity. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the d... Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the data in the published report. We used SRS only for an updated search. The review included randomized trials about the effect of welfare-to-work programs. Participants were welfare recipients. There were basically two types of programs. The educational type tried to build knowledge and skills in order to help the welfare recipients acquire jobs that could support them economically. The "work first" approach was more aimed at getting the participants quickly into a job. Exercise interventions for the management ... The objective of this systematic review wa... Exercise interventions for the management of frailty The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of current exercise interventions on the management of frailty. A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, Cinahl, Scopus, Ageline, Eric, and SportDiscus databases was conducted and produced 1808 citations. So far we have completed 2 levels of “title and abstract” screening and we ended up with 262 articles. We have just started the full text screening. Eligibility criteria included original studies whose participants were identified as frail or prefrail with specific criteria and in which structured physical activity was included as at least one component of the intervention. Create a free account, build a dictionary with saved terms to re-use later! Public Domestic Violence - Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Workfare Exercise Interventions for the Management of Frailty Search     Simple Advanced Refine (4 coded questions)  Any of these:   Exact Phrase: All of these: None of these: Author: Periodical: Projects: No restrictions   Libraries: Public   Select SRS Projects Show Saved Terms Select Library Show articles that do not have abstracts  Humans or Animals Humans Animals Type of Article Clinical Trial Editorial Letter Meta-Analysis Practice Guideline Randomized Controlled Trial Review Addresses Bibliography Biography Case Reports Classical Article Clinical Conference Clinical Trial, Phase I Clinical Trial, Phase II Clinical Trial, Phase III Clinical Trial, Phase IV Comment Comparative Study Consensus Development Conference Consensus Development Conference, NIH Controlled Clinical Trial Corrected and Republished Article Dictionary Directory Duplicate Publication English Abstract Evaluation Studies Festschrift Government Publications Guideline Historical Article Interview In Vitro Journal Article Lectures Legal Cases Legislation Multicenter Study News Newspaper Article Overall Patient Education Handout Periodical Index Published Erratum Retracted Publication Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 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Retraction of Publication Scientific Integrity Review Support of Research Technical Report Twin Study Validation Studies Not a Primary Study or Review Unknown Primary Study Case Series Case Control Cohort Study Observational Study Qualitative Research CBA or ITS Registry Double Blind Controlled before after study Quasi-randomized trial Simple before after study Cluster-RCT Non-Randomized Study Report Book Book chapter Dissertation Conference procedings Secondary Research Not RCT Ages All Infant: birth-23 months All Child: 0-18 years All Adult: 19+ years Newborn: birth-1 month Infant: 1-23 months Preschool Child: 2-5 years Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Middle Aged + Aged: 45+ years Aged: 65+ years 80 and over: 80+ years Undetermined Language English French German Italian Japanese Russian Spanish Afrikaans Albanian Unknown Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Bosnian Bulgarian Catalan Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Esperanto Estonian Finnish Georgian Greek, Modern Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Kinyarwanda Korean Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Malay Malayalam Maori Multiple Languages Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Pushto Romanian Sanskrit Scottish gaelic Serbian Slovak Slovenian Swedish Thai Turkish Ukrainian Vietnamese Not English Not French Results(1-25 of 3,183) Sort By: Publication Date Relevance Took: 1.438 seconds to search 17,750,454  Action: Copy Results to new Clipboard Build Search Link Page 1 of 128 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (3183 articles found) Sites of action of protein kinase C and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase are distinct in oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced macrophage proliferation. Feb 25, 2000 T Biwa,M Sakai,T Matsumura,S Kobori,K Kaneko,A Miyazaki,H Hakamata,S Horiuchi,M Shichiri Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) can induce macrophage proliferation in vitro. To explore the mechanisms involved in this process, we reported that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in its signaling pathway (Matsumura, T., Sakai, M., Kobori, S., Biwa, T., Takemura, T., Matsu... ( view more )da, H., Hakamata, H., Horiuchi, S., and Shichiri, M. (1997) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17, 3013-3020) and that expression of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and its subsequent release in the culture medium are important (Biwa, T., Hakamata, H., Sakai, M., Miyazaki, A., Suzuki, H., Kodama, T., Shichiri, M., and Horiuchi, S. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 28305-28313). However, a recent study also demonstrated the involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in this process. In the present study, we investigated the role of PKC and PI3K in Ox-LDL-induced macrophage proliferation. Ox-LDL-induced macrophage proliferation was inhibited by 90% by a PKC inhibitor, calphostin C, and 50% by a PI3K inhibitor, wortmannin. Ox-LDL-induced expression of GM-CSF and its subsequent release were inhibited by calphostin C but not by wortmannin, whereas recombinant GM-CSF-induced macrophage proliferation was inhibited by wortmannin by 50% but not by calphostin C. Ox-LDL activated PI3K at two time points (10 min and 4 h), and the activation at the second but not first point was significantly inhibited by calphostin C and anti-GM-CSF antibody. Our results suggest that PKC plays a role upstream in the signaling pathway to GM-CSF induction, whereas PI3K is involved, at least in part, downstream in the signaling pathway after GM-CSF induction. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Degradation of Rhizopus niveus aspartic proteinase-I with mutated prosequences occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Jun 14, 1996 R Fukuda,K Umebayashi,H Horiuchi,A Ohta,M Takagi Rhizopus niveus aspartic proteinase-I (RNAP-I) is secreted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae extracellularly (Horiuchi, H., Ashikari, T., Amachi, T., Yoshizumi, H., Takagi, M., and Yano, K. (1990) Agric. Biol. Chem. 54, 1771-1779). The prosequence of RNAP-I has the function to promote correct folding of ... ( view more )its mature part. Deletion (Deltapro) and amino acid substitutions (M1) in the prosequence block secretion of RNAP-I (Fukuda, R., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A., and Takagi, M. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 9556-9561). In this study, little accumulation of Deltapro was observed in Western blot analysis of the cell extracts of the transformants producing Deltapro using anti-RNAP-I antisera. In contrast, M1 was accumulated in the yeast cells. Pulse-chase analysis revealed that they were synthesized at almost the same rates and that Deltapro was degraded in the cells more rapidly than M1. In subcellular fractionation analysis, Deltapro was found in the fraction that contained most of the activity of an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker enzyme, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase. In indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, Deltapro was observed in the ER. Similar result was also observed in a mutant which is deficient of the two vacuolar proteases, proteinase A and proteinase B. So, the vacuolar proteases are not involved in degradation of Deltapro. From these results, we concluded that RNAP-Is with the mutated prosequences, which probably could not be folded correctly, were retained and degraded in the ER. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Electron microscopic observations of the anterior pituitary gland. Part I. The neurons in the "transitional zone" of the anterior pituitary gland. Jun 2008 Yoshio Mabuchi,Nobuyuki Shirasawa,Eisuke Sakuma,Ikuo Wada,Osamu Horiuchi,Motoshi Kikuchi,Atsushi Sakamoto,Damon C Herbert,Tsuyoshi Soji Since [Westlud, K.N., Chils, G.V., 1982. Localization of serotonin fibers in the rat adenohypophysis. Endocrinology 111, 1761-1763] initially identified the serotonin nerve fibers in the anterior pituitary gland, attention has been paid to the rostral zone of the anterior lobe into which nerve fibe... ( view more )rs enter and subsequently spread to deeper regions of the lobe. The rostral zone is the trifurcated junction of the partes tuberalis, intermedia and distalis, and has the important role(s) for hormone secretion via the "transitional zone" [Sato, G, Shirasawa, N, Sakuma, E, Sato, Y, Asai, Y, Wada, I, Horiuchi, O, Sakamoto, A, Herbert, DC, Soji, T, 2005a. Intercellular communications within the rat anterior pituitary. XI: An immunohistochemical study of distributions of S-100 positive cells in the anterior pituitary of the rat. Tissue and Cell 37, 269-280.]. The objective of this study was to focus on the ultrastructure of this "zone." All of the animals studied were fixed by perfusion with glutaraldehyde via the left ventricle of the heart and examined by electron microscopy. In the "transitional zone," a cluster of neuronal elements was observed between the folliculo-stellate cell-rich area and the anterior lobe. This cluster consisted of myelinated fibers, unmyelinated fibers, neuroendocrine fibers, large cells, and supporting cells. The large cells were perikarya of neurons which made a "ganglion-like" structure with associated satellite cells. Agranular, folliculo-stellate cells were intermingled among the elements. This is the first report that neuronal elements form clusters in the "transitional zone." A relationship of the unmyelinated and neuroendocrine fibers in the basal layer and in the "transitional zone" is discussed. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Treatment of severe Class II Division 1 deep overbite malocclusion without extractions in an adult. Apr 2008 Yosuke Horiuchi,Mariko Horiuchi,Kunimichi Soma This case report describes the orthodontic treatment and retention of an adult with severe Class II Division 1 deep overbite malocclusion; treatment was completed without premolar extractions. We used improved superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wire (L&H Titan, Tomy, Tokyo, Japan) with J-hook headg... ( view more )ear for the combined intrusion of the anterior segment and the distalization of the maxillary posterior segments. The overbite was corrected from 6.0 to 2.0 mm by intrusion of the maxillary and mandibular incisors; the overjet was corrected from 13.0 to 2.0 mm. Although no premolars were extracted, good occlusion and facial esthetics were achieved. Follow-up records 2 years after active treatment show that the results were maintained. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Novel class of mutations of pilS mutants, encoding plasmid R64 type IV prepilin: interface of PilS-PilV interactions. Feb 2008 Eriko Shimoda,Tatsuya Muto,Takayuki Horiuchi,Nobuhisa Furuya,Teruya Komano The type IV pili of plasmid R64 belonging to the type IVB group are required only for liquid mating. They consist of the major and minor components PilS pilin and PilV adhesin, respectively. PilS pilin is first synthesized as a 22-kDa prepilin from the pilS gene and is then processed to a 19-kDa ma... ( view more )ture pilin by PilU prepilin peptidase. In a previous genetic analysis, we identified four classes of the pilS mutants (T. Horiuchi and T. Komano, J. Bacteriol. 180:4613-4620, 1998). The products of the class I pilS mutants were not processed by prepilin peptidase; the products of the class II mutants were not secreted; in the class III mutants type IV pili with reduced activities in liquid mating were produced; and in the class IV mutants type IV pili with normal activities were produced. Here, we describe a novel class, class V, of pilS mutants. Mutations in the pilS gene at Gly-56 or Tyr-57 produced type IV pili lacking PilV adhesin, which were inactive in liquid mating. Residues 56 and 57 of PilS pilin are suggested to function as an interface of PilS-PilV interactions. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Effect of surface modification on the photocatalysis of Ti-Ni alloy in orthodontics. Nov 2007 Yosuke Horiuchi,Mariko Horiuchi,Takao Hanawa,Kunimichi Soma Photocatalytic activity from the reaction of titanium oxide with ultraviolet light has recently gained much attention. In particular, there is scientific interest in inducing photocatalytic reactions on Ti-Ni alloy, a material widely used in orthodontic applications. However, it is believed that in... ( view more )ducing a photocatalytic reaction with an amorphous oxide film on the alloy is a difficult challenge. In this study, therefore, we sought to induce a photocatalytic reaction on Ti-Ni alloy by subjecting the latter to electrolytic and heat treatments. Then, an antibacterial test was used to examine whether a photocatalytic reaction had indeed been induced. By thickening the titanium oxide film with electrolytic treatment and then applying heat treatment, the surface oxide film of Ti-Ni alloy was thus modified from amorphous structure to rutile crystal. Furthermore, it was revealed that Ti-Ni alloy had an antibacterial effect by virtue of the photocatalytic reaction. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles DNA vaccination of macaques by a full-genome SHIV plasmid that has an IL-2 gene and produces non-infectious virus particles. Apr 24, 2006 Reii Horiuchi,Wataru Akahata,Takeo Kuwata,Yoshimi Enose,Eiji Ido,Hajime Suzuki,Ariko Miyake,Naoki Saito,Kentaro Ibuki,Toshiyuki Goto,Tomoyuki Miura,Masanori Hayami We previously reported that a mutant full-sized plasmid DNA vaccine regime in macaques was effective against a homologous challenge [Akahata W, Ido E, Shimada T, Katsuyama K, Yamamoto H, Uesaka H, et al. DNA vaccination of macaques by a full genome HIV-1 plasmid which produces non-infectious virus ... ( view more )particles. Virology 2000;275:116-24; Akahata W, Ido E, Akiyama H, Uesaka H, Enose Y, Horiuchi R, et al. DNA vaccination of macaques by a full genome SHIV-1 plasmid that produces non-infectious virus particles. J Gen Virol 2003;84:2237-44]. In this study, to evaluate the DNA vaccination regime against a heterologous challenge, a novel plasmid named pSHIV-ZF1*IL-2 was constructed. Four monkeys were intramuscularly and intradermally injected four times with the pSHIV-ZF1*IL-2. Vaccinated monkeys were intravenously challenged with a highly pathogenic, heterologous SHIV at 11 weeks post vaccination. All the vaccinated monkeys suppressed the challenge virus rapidly under the detectable level by 16 weeks post challenge. One vaccinated monkey was protected from a loss of CD4+ T cells. These results suggest pSHIV-ZF1*IL-2 alone seems partially effective even against a challenge with a heterologous, pathogenic virus. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Mutagenesis and mechanism-based inhibition of Streptococcus pyogenes Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase implicate a serine-based glutaminase site. May 21, 2002 Mark R Harpel,Kurumi Y Horiuchi,Ying Luo,Li Shen,Wenjun Jiang,David J Nelson,Kelley C Rogers,Carl P Decicco,Robert A Copeland The absence of Gln-tRNA synthetase in certain bacteria necessitates an alternate pathway for the production of Gln-tRNA(Gln): misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) is transamidated by a Gln-dependent amidotransferase (Glu-AdT) via catalysis of Gln hydrolysis, ATP hydrolysis, activation of Glu-tRNA(Gln), and am... ( view more )inolysis of activated tRNA by Gln-derived NH(3). As observed for other Gln-coupled amidotransferases, substrate binding, Gln hydrolysis, and transamidation by Glu-AdT are tightly coordinated [Horiuchi, K. Y., Harpel, M. R., Shen, L., Luo, Y., Rogers, K. C., and Copeland, R. A. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 6450-6457]. However, Glu-AdT does not employ an active-site Cys nucleophile for Gln hydrolysis, as is common in all other glutaminases: some Glu-AdT lack Cys, but all contain a conserved Ser (Ser176 in the A subunit of Streptococcus pyogenes Glu-AdT) within a sequence signature motif of Ser-based amidases. Our current results with S. pyogenes Glu-AdT support this characterization of Glu-AdT as a Ser-based glutaminase. Slow-onset (approximately 50 M(-1) s(-1)), tight-binding (t(1/2) > 2.5 h for complex dissociation), Gln-competitive inhibition of the Glu-tRNA(Gln)/ATP-independent glutaminase activity of Glu-AdT by gamma-Glu boronic acid is consistent with engagement of a Ser nucleophile in the glutaminase active site. Conversion to rapidly reversible, yet still potent (K(i) = 73 nM) and Gln-competitive, inhibition under full transamidation conditions mirrors the coupling between Gln hydrolysis and aminolysis reactions during productive transamidation. Site-directed replacement of Ser176 by Ala abolishes glutaminase and Gln-dependent transamidase activities of Glu-AdT (>300-fold), but retains a wild-type level of NH(3)-dependent transamidation activity. These results demonstrate the essentiality of Ser176 for Gln hydrolysis, provide additional support for coordinated coupling of Gln hydrolysis and transamidase transition states during catalysis, and validate glutaminase-directed inhibition of Glu-AdT as a route for antimicrobial chemotherapy. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Purification and characterization of rat sterol 14-demethylase P450 (CYP51) expressed in Escherichia coli. Nov 1999 Y Nitahara,Y Aoyama,T Horiuchi,M Noshiro,Y Yoshida Sterol 14-demethylase P450 (CYP51) is an essential enzyme for sterol biosynthesis by eukaryotes. We have cloned rat and human CYP51 cDNAs [Aoyama, Y., Noshiro, M., Gotoh, O., Imaoka, S., Funae, Y., Kurosawa, N., Horiuchi, T., and Yoshida, Y. (1996) J. Biochem. 119, 926-933]. The cloned rat CYP51 cD... ( view more )NA was expressed in Escherichia coli with modification of the N-terminal amino acid sequence, and the expressed protein (CYP51m) was purified to gel-electrophoretic homogenity. The spectrophotometrically determined specific content of CYP51m was 16 nmol/mg protein and the apparent molecular weight was estimated to be 53,000 on SDS-PAGE. Soret peaks of the oxidized and reduced CO-complex of CYP51m were observed at 417 and 447 nm, respectively. The purified CYP51m catalyzed the 14-demethylation of lanosterol and 24,25-dihydrolanosterol upon reconstitution with NADPH-P450 reductase purified from rat liver microsomes. The apparent K(m) and V(max) values for lanosterol were 10.5 microM and 13.9 nmol/min/nmol P450, respectively, and those for 24, 25-dihydrolanosterol were 20.0 microM and 20.0 nmol/min/nmol P450, respectively. The lanosterol demethylase activity of the reconstituted system of CYP51m was inhibited by ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole with apparent IC(50) values of 0.2, 0.7, and 160 microM, respectively. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Proliferation of intrahyphal hyphae caused by disruption of csmA, which encodes a class V chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain in Aspergillus nidulans. Jun 1999 H Horiuchi,M Fujiwara,S Yamashita,A Ohta,M Takagi We have found that the Aspergillus nidulans csmA gene encodes a novel protein which consists of an N-terminal myosin motor-like domain and a C-terminal chitin synthase domain (M. Fujiwara, H. Horiuchi, A. Ohta, and M. Takagi, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 236:75-78, 1997). To clarify the roles of ... ( view more )csmA in fungal morphogenesis, we constructed csmA null mutants. The growth rate of the mutant colonies was almost the same as that of the wild-type strain, but hyphal growth was severely inhibited when a chitin-binding reagent, Calcofluor white or Congo red, was added to the medium. Moreover, morphological abnormalities in tip growth and septum formation were identified microscopically. Proliferation of intracellular new hyphae, called intrahyphal hyphae, which behaved as intrinsic hyphae, was the most striking phenotypic feature among them. These phenotypes were not suppressed when the only chitin synthase domain of csmA was expressed under the control of the alcA promoter, whereas they were suppressed when the intact form of csmA was expressed. Therefore, it was concluded that the product of csmA (CsmA) has important roles in polarized cell wall synthesis and maintenance of cell wall integrity and that the myosin motor-like domain is indispensable for these functions. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Chicken monoclonal antibodies against synthetic bovine prion protein peptide. Jun 1998 K Matsushita,H Horiuchi,S Furusawa,M Horiuchi,M Shinagawa,H Matsuda Chicken monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed against bovine prion protein (PrP) peptide. Chickens immunized with bovine PrP peptide B204 (amino acid residues 204-220) coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin produced specific antibodies to the peptide as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorb... ( view more )ent assay (ELISA) using the B204 peptide coupled to ovalbumin as target antigen. From a fusion experiment using the chicken fusion partner cell line MuH1 and immune spleen cells, 19 mAbs reactive with B204 were generated. These mAbs were subdivided into five groups based on competitive ELISA using B204 and four 10-amino acid peptides. These five groups included all combinations expected based on comparison of amino acid sequences among the five species, bovine, mouse, human, sheep and hamster, examined. These results indicate that the chicken mAb system is a suitable technique for immunological analysis of PrP in mammals. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Insulin enhances macrophage scavenger receptor-mediated endocytic uptake of advanced glycation end products. Apr 10, 1998 H Sano,T Higashi,K Matsumoto,J Melkko,Y Jinnouchi,K Ikeda,Y Ebina,H Makino,B Smedsrod,S Horiuchi Hyperglycemia accelerates the formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) in plasma and tissue, which may cause diabetic vascular complications. We recently reported that scavenger receptors expressed by liver endothelial cells (LECs) dominantly mediate the endocytic uptake ... ( view more )of AGE proteins from plasma, suggesting its potential role as an eliminating system for AGE proteins in vivo (Smedsrod, B., Melkko, J., Araki, N., Sano, H., and Horiuchi, S. (1997) Biochem. J. 322, 567-573). In the present study we examined the effects of insulin on macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR)-mediated endocytic uptake of AGE proteins. LECs expressing MSR showed an insulin-sensitive increase of endocytic uptake of AGE-bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA). Next, RAW 264.7 cells expressing a high amount of MSR were overexpressed with human insulin receptor (HIR). Insulin caused a 3.7-fold increase in endocytic uptake of 125I-AGE-BSA by these cells. The effect of insulin was inhibited by wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3 kinase) inhibitor. To examine at a molecular level the relationship between insulin signal and MSR function, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing a negligible level of MSR were cotransfected with both MSR and HIR. Insulin caused a 1.7-fold increase in the endocytic degradation of 125I-AGE-BSA by these cells, the effect of which was also inhibited by wortmannin and LY294002, another PI3 kinase inhibitor. Transfection of CHO cells overexpressing MSR with two HIR mutants, a kinase-deficient mutant, and another lacking the binding site for insulin receptor substrates (IRS) resulted in disappearance of the stimulatory effect of insulin on endocytic uptake of AGE proteins. The present results indicate that insulin may accelerate MSR-mediated endocytic uptake of AGE proteins through an IRS/PI3 kinase pathway. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Isolation and characterization of EPD1, an essential gene for pseudohyphal growth of a dimorphic yeast, Candida maltosa. Apr 1998 T Nakazawa,H Horiuchi,A Ohta,M Takagi Additional copies of the centromeric DNA (CEN) region induce pseudohyphal growth in a dimorphic yeast, Candida maltosa (T. Nakazawa, T. Motoyama, H. Horiuchi, A. Ohta, and M. Takagi, J. Bacteriol. 179:5030-5036, 1997). To understand the mechanism of this transition, we screened the gene library of ... ( view more )C. maltosa for sequences which could suppress this morphological change. As a result, we isolated the 5' end of a new gene, EPD1 (for essential for pseudohyphal development), and then cloned the entire gene. The predicted amino acid sequence of Epdlp was highly homologous to those of Ggp1/Gas1/Cwh52p, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Phr1p and Phr2p of Candida albicans. The expression of EPD1 was moderately regulated by environmental pH. A homozygous EPD1 null mutant showed some morphological defects and reduction in growth rate and reduced levels of both alkali-soluble and alkali-insoluble beta-glucans. Moreover, the mutant could not undergo the transition from yeast form to pseudohyphal form induced by additional copies of the CEN sequence at pH 4 or by n-hexadecane at pH 4 or pH 7, suggesting that EPD1 is not essential for yeast form growth but is essential for transition to the pseudohyphal form. Overexpression of the amino-terminal part of Epd1p under the control of the GAL promoter suppressed the pseudohyphal development induced by additional copies of the CEN sequence, whereas overexpression of the full-length EPD1 did not. This result and the initial isolation of the 5' end of EPD1 as a suppressor of the pseudohyphal growth induced by the CEN sequence suggest that the amino-terminal part of Epd1p may have a dominant-negative effect on the functions of Epd1p in the pseudohyphal growth induced by the CEN sequence. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [The multidimensional property of the self and self-reference effect] Feb 1998 T Horiuchi It has been proposed that self-referent memory of verbal materials requires multidimensional processing that corresponds to the person's cognitive structure of the self (Horiuchi, 1996). In this study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the hypothesis that self-reference effect was due t... ( view more )o information processing that was deeper and broader in self-referent than in semantic or other-referent memory. In Experiment 1, recall under self-reference condition was better than semantic condition. However, six-dimension processing condition, with extroversion, emotional stability, etc., was not significantly better than the self-reference condition. In Experiment 2, with mother as the other, other-referent memory was as good as that under three-dimension processing condition, using such dimensions of others as social desirability. However, recall under these conditions was inferior to that under self-reference condition. These results suggest that the self-reference effect is due to the multidimensional property of self cognition. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Cytotoxic effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein on macrophages. 1998 H Hakamata,A Miyazaki,M Sakai,Y I Sakamoto,S Horiuchi Macrophage or macrophage-derived foam cell death is one of the characteristic events in the development of cell-poor lipid-rich cores of the advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Although the in vivo mechanism for the death of macrophages is unclear, one possible candidate for the agent which induces m... ( view more )acrophage cell death is oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL). To investigate the mechanism of Ox-LDL-induced macrophage cell death, we have recently employed macrophage cell genetics and isolated mutant cells resistant to the cytotoxic effect of Ox-LDL from mutagenized populations of murine macrophage-derived J774 cells (Hakamata, H., Miyazaki, A., Sakai, M., Matsuda, H., Suzuki, H., Kodama, T., and Horiuchi, S. (1998) J. Lipid Res. 39, 482-494). The results obtained showed that one mutant form, JO21b cells, was characterized by reduced expression of type I and type II class A macrophage scavenger receptors (MSR-AI/AII) with a concomitant decrease in the uptake of Ox-LDL. Moreover, peritoneal macrophages obtained from MSR-AI/AII-knockout mice showed a higher resistance to the cytotoxic effect of Ox-LDL compared to those of their wild-type littermates. From these results, we have concluded that Ox-LDL cytotoxicity to macrophages is enhanced by effective endocytic uptake of Ox-LDL through MSR-AI/AII. These findings imply a possibility that formation of the cell-poor lipid-rich core is also enhanced by MSR-AI/AII-mediated uptake of Ox-LDL and subsequent macrophage cell death in atherosclerotic lesions. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Thiol compounds rescue growth inhibition by retinoic acid on HTLV-I (+) T lymphocytes; possible mechanism of retinoic-acid-induced growth inhibition of adult T-cell leukemia cells. 1998 J Miyatake,Y Maeda,H Nawata,Y Sumimoto,H Sono,M Sakaguchi,M Matsuda,Y Tatsumi,F Urase,F Horiuchi,K Irimajiri,A Horiuchi We demonstrated significant growth inhibition by retinoic acid (RA) of HTLV-I (+) T-cell lines (ATL-2 and HUT102), but not HTLV-I (-) T-cell lines (MOLT-4 and Jurkat). We hypothesized that the mechanism of growth inhibition by RA depends on an imbalance in redox potential. To examine the effect of ... ( view more )exogenous thiol compounds for the growth of HTLV-I (+) T-cell lines by RA, HTLV-I (+) T-cell lines were cultured with several thiol compounds (thioredoxin, L-cystine, and GSH), following addition of 13-cis RA or ATRA, respectively, in cultured with thiol free medium. Unexpectedly, thiol compounds alone did not restore growth inhibition of HTLV-I (+) T-cell lines. However, when those cells were preincubated with thiol compounds for 24 hours, no growth inhibition by 13-cis RA or ATRA was observed. These results suggest that thiol compounds are associated strongly with sensitivity to RA of HTLV-I (+) T cells, but not of HTLV-I (-) T cells and that thiol compounds serve an important role on HTLV-I (+) T cells. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels of patients with acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Dec 1997 Y Maeda,J Chihara,Y Sumimoto,H Yamada,J Miyatake,M Matsuda,F Horiuchi,K Irimajiri,A Horiuchi Concentrations of serum-soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured for 10 patients with or without chronic graft versus host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Levels of soluble ICAM-1 were higher among patients with chronic graft versus host disease than am... ( view more )ong those without it, a statistically significant difference. The results indicated that measurement of serum-soluble ICAM-1 is useful for prediction of chronic graft versus host disease. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles ADA1, a novel component of the ADA/GCN5 complex, has broader effects than GCN5, ADA2, or ADA3. Jun 1997 J Horiuchi,N Silverman,B Piña,G A Marcus,L Guarente The ADA genes encode factors which are proposed to function as transcriptional coactivators. Here we describe the cloning, sequencing, and initial characterization of a novel ADA gene, ADA1. Similar to the previously isolated ada mutants, ada1 mutants display decreases in transcription from various... ( view more ) reporters. Furthermore, ADA1 interacts with the other ADAs in the ADA/GCN5 complex as demonstrated by partial purification of the complex and immunoprecipitation experiments. We estimate that the complex has a molecular mass of approximately 2 MDa. Previously, it had been demonstrated that ada5 mutants displayed more severe phenotypic defects than the other ada mutants (G. A. Marcus, J. Horiuchi, N. Silverman, and L. Guarente, Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:3197-3205, 1996; S. M. Roberts and F. Winston, Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:3206-3213, 1996). ada1 mutants display defects similar to those of ada5 mutants and different from those of the other mutants with respect to promoters affected, inositol auxotrophy, and Spt- phenotypes. Thus, the ADAs can be separated into two classes, suggesting that the ADA/GCN5 complex may have two separate functions. We present a speculative model on the possible roles of the ADA/GCN5 complex. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Inhibition of proliferation by retinoic acid on adult T cell leukemia cells] Oct 1996 J Miyatake,Y Maeda,M Matsuda,Y Tatsumi,F Urase,F Horiuchi,K Irimajiri,A Horiuchi We observed the effects of the retinoic acid (13-cis retinoic acid; 13-cis RA, and all-trans retinoic acid; ATRA) for the cell growth and the expression of CD 25 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 17 patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL). Fourteen had acute type, 1 had chronic ty... ( view more )pe, and 2 had smoldering type of ATL. We divided those patient into 3 groups (hyper-sensitive, sensitive and resistant group) by determined with reduction rate of [3H]-thymidine incorporation obtained before and after treatment with 13 -cis RA or ATRA respectively. Growth inhibition was not observed in normal PBMC by 13 -cis RA or ATRA. However, no down-regulation of CD 25 expression was observed on PBMC in all patients and normal individuals after treatment with 13-cis RA or ATRA. In the aspect of growth inhibition on PBMC in ATL patients, we tried to clarify the mechanism of the phenomenon. In agarose gel electrophoresis, extracted genomic DNA from retinoic acid treated PBMC in hyper-sensitive and sensitive ATL patients showed multimer DNA fragmentation pattern. On the other hand, genomic DNA from PBMC after treatment with retinoic acid in resistant ATL patients and normal individuals showed high molecular DNA pattern without fragmentation. Taken together, it is suggested that retinoic acid could induce growth inhibition of PBMC in some ATL patients resulting in DNA fragmentation, apoptosis. We deeply consider that retinoic acid may be an useful agent for ATL patients in clinical aspect. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Elevated levels of soluble ICAM-1 in serum of patients with acute myeloid leukemia undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Jul 1996 Y Maeda,J Chihara,F Horiuchi,J Miyatake,Y Tatsumi,F Urase,K Irimajiri,S Nakajima,A Horiuchi Serum soluble ICAM-1 concentrations were measured in 10 patients with or without chronic graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The serum soluble ICAM-1 levels in the patients with chronic GVHD were significantly higher than that in the patients without chronic ... ( view more )GVHD. The data indicated that serum soluble ICAM-1 is a useful parameter for predicting chronic GVHD. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles N (epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine protein adduct is a major immunological epitope in proteins modified with advanced glycation end products of the Maillard reaction. Jun 18, 1996 K Ikeda,T Higashi,H Sano,Y Jinnouchi,M Yoshida,T Araki,S Ueda,S Horiuchi Long-term incubation of proteins with glucose leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE). Recent immunological studies have suggested the potential role of AGE in atherosclerosis, aging, and diabetic complications. We previously prepared a monoclonal (6D12) as well as a polyclo... ( view more )nal anti-AGE antibody and proposed the presence of a common AGE structure(s) that may act as a major immunochemical epitope [Horiuchi, S., Araki, N., & Morino, Y. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 7329-7332]. The purpose of the present study was to determine the major epitope. Amino acid analysis of AGE-proteins indicated that N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) was a major modified lysine residue. Immunologic studies demonstrated the positive reaction of 6D12 not only to all CML-modified proteins tested, but also to BSA modified with several aldehydes known to generate a CML-protein adduct, and a linear correlation between the CML contents of CML-BSA and their immunoreactivity to 6D12 up to approximately 8 mol/mol of protein. Further experiments with CML analogs revealed that the epitope of 6D12 is a CML-protein adduct with an important carbonyl group. In contrast to 6D12, our polyclonal anti-AGE antibody showed a significant but much weaker immunoreactivity to CML-BSA, suggesting that the polyclonal antibody contains two populations, one reactive to CML (CML-PA) and the other unreactive to CML (Non-CML-PA). Non-CML-PA separated from CML-PA by CML-BSA affinity chromatography did not react with all CML-modified preparations, but retained its property to react commonly with AGE preparations obtained from proteins, lysine derivatives, and monoaminocarboxylic acids. Therefore, it is clear that a CML-protein adduct is a major immunological epitope in AGE structures, but there still exist other major epitope(s) expressed commonly in AGE-proteins. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis by all-trans retinoic acid in lymphoid cell lines transfected with the PML/RAR alpha fusion gene. Jun 1996 Y Maeda,F Horiuchi,J Miyatake,H Sono,Y Tatsumi,F Urase,K Irimajiri,A Horiuchi The interaction of an exogenous PML/RAR alpha fusion gene associated with acute promyelocytic leukaemia, with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was examined in two lymphoid cell lines. L1210 and MOLT-4 cells were transfected with PML/RAR alpha cDNA in the expression vector pGD and stable transformants... ( view more ) (L1210PML/RAR alpha and MOLT-4PML/RAR alpha) were selected with G418. ATRA inhibited the growth of these stable transformants, as assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation, in a dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on the growth of control cells stably transformed with neomycin resistant gene alone. ATRA also induced apoptosis, as assessed by fragmentation of genomic DNA, in L121OPML/RAR alpha and MOLT-4PML/RAR alpha cells but not in control cells. The exogenous PML/RAR alpha fusion gene therefore probably mediates the effects of ATRA on cell growth and apoptosis in these cell lines. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles 13-cis retinoic acid inhibits growth of adult T cell leukemia cells and causes apoptosis; possible new indication for retinoid therapy. Mar 1996 Y Maeda,J Miyatake,H Sono,M Matsuda,Y Tatsumi,F Horiuchi,K Irimajiri,A Horiuchi We evaluated the effects of 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA) on the growth of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from 12 patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL). In general, 13-cis RA potently inhibited the growth of PBMC from ATL patients. However, the sensitivity of the cells to... ( view more ) 13-cis RA-induced growth inhibition varied among the patients. The ATL patients fell into three groups (hypersensitive, sensitive and resistant to 13-cis RA) according to the percent reduction of 3H-thymidine incorporation before and after treatment with 13-cis RA. Agarose gel electrophoresis of total genomic DNA from a patient sensitive to 13-cis RA provided evidence of the DNA fragmentation indicative of apoptosis. The ability of 13-cis RA to induce apoptosis in PBMC from ATL patients suggests that retinoids may be useful in the treatment of ATL. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Lysophosphatidylcholine plays an essential role in the mitogenic effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein on murine macrophages. Dec 16, 1994 M Sakai,A Miyazaki,H Hakamata,T Sasaki,S Yui,M Yamazaki,M Shichiri,S Horiuchi We previously demonstrated that the growth of starch-induced murine macrophages was stimulated by modified low density lipoproteins, such as oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and acetylated low density lipoprotein (acetyl-LDL), and that the mitogenic effect of Ox-LDL was much greater than t... ( view more )hat of acetyl-LDL (Yui, S., Sasaki, T., Miyazaki, A., Horiuchi, S., and Yamazaki, M. (1993) Arterioscler. Thromb. 13, 331-337). The present study was undertaken to elucidate the factor(s) that are involved in this growth-stimulating effect of Ox-LDL. The growth-stimulating effect of acetyl-LDL on murine resident macrophages was negligibly weak compared with that of Ox-LDL. However, the treatment of acetyl-LDL with phospholipase A2 led to an increase in lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) (75% of total phospholipids) and a concomitant increase in the mitogenic activity of acetyl-LDL. In contrast, cell-free incubation of Ox-LDL with high density lipoprotein resulted in a decrease in lyso-PC content and a concomitant loss of growth-stimulating activity. These results suggest that lyso-PC may play an essential role in the mitogenic activity of Ox-LDL. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles The DNA replication fork blocked at the Ter site may be an entrance for the RecBCD enzyme into duplex DNA. Aug 1994 T Horiuchi,Y Fujimura,H Nishitani,T Kobayashi,M Hidaka In Escherichia coli, eight kinds of chromosome-derived DNA fragments (named Hot DNA) were found to exhibit homologous recombinational hotspot activity, with the following properties. (i) The Hot activities of all Hot DNAs were enhanced extensively under RNase H-defective (rnh) conditions. (ii) Seve... ( view more )n Hot DNAs were clustered at the DNA replication terminus region on the E. coli chromosome and had Chi activities (H. Nishitani, M. Hidaka, and T. Horiuchi, Mol. Gen. Genet. 240:307-314, 1993). Hot activities of HotA, -B, and -C, the locations of which were close to three DNA replication terminus sites, the TerB, -A, and -C sites, respectively, disappeared when terminus-binding (Tau or Tus) protein was defective, thereby suggesting that their Hot activities are termination event dependent. Other Hot groups showed termination-independent Hot activities. In addition, at least HotA activity proved to be dependent on a Chi sequence, because mutational destruction of the Chi sequence on the HotA DNA fragment resulted in disappearance of the HotA activity. The HotA activity which had disappeared was reactivated by insertion of a new, properly oriented Chi sequence at the position between the HotA DNA and the TerB site. On the basis of these observations and positional and orientational relationships between the Chi and the Ter sequences, we propose a model in which the DNA replication fork blocked at the Ter site provides an entrance for the RecBCD enzyme into duplex DNA. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Page 1 of 128 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (3183 articles found)

      
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