Medical and Societal information from the Research Community	Number of Articles: 17,750,454 Number of Contributors: 57 Number of Queries: 12,901,611
	Save this page:  Send this page	Login  or Create a Free Account

GST Primary GST Primary Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Im... Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Improvement - Diabetes Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibio... Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-b... Systematic review assessing the effect of ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibiotics Management Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-based Practice Center, 117 Encina Commons, Stanford, CA 94305-6019, Kathy.mcdonald@stanford.edu Systematic review assessing the effect of quality improvement strategies on appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and appropriate choice of antibiotics. Adherence Adherence Assistive Devices Assistive Devices Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan CLSA_9 CLSA_9 Cyberabuse Cyberabuse Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent ... This review included randomized trials abo... Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent Men who Batter Their Partners This review included randomized trials about the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on domestic violence. The intervention included programs based on the Duluth Model. The violence had to be committed by a male toward his female partner. The violence also had to be physical. The primary outcomes were new arrests and convictions, and new reports of violence. CABG vs PCI CABG vs PCI Quality Improvement Strategies for Prevent... Quality Improvement Strategies for Preventing Nosocomial Infections (Created 17-Feb-06) Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma Control Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce S... This review was the first part of a projec... Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the first part of a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of smoking cessation interventions on reducing socio-economic differences. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio... This review was the second part in a proje... Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the second part in a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of interventions on reducing socio-economic differences in diet and physical activity. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the d... Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the data in the published report. We used SRS only for an updated search. The review included randomized trials about the effect of welfare-to-work programs. Participants were welfare recipients. There were basically two types of programs. The educational type tried to build knowledge and skills in order to help the welfare recipients acquire jobs that could support them economically. The "work first" approach was more aimed at getting the participants quickly into a job. Exercise interventions for the management ... The objective of this systematic review wa... Exercise interventions for the management of frailty The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of current exercise interventions on the management of frailty. A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, Cinahl, Scopus, Ageline, Eric, and SportDiscus databases was conducted and produced 1808 citations. So far we have completed 2 levels of “title and abstract” screening and we ended up with 262 articles. We have just started the full text screening. Eligibility criteria included original studies whose participants were identified as frail or prefrail with specific criteria and in which structured physical activity was included as at least one component of the intervention. Create a free account, build a dictionary with saved terms to re-use later! Public Domestic Violence - Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Workfare Exercise Interventions for the Management of Frailty Search     Simple Advanced Refine (4 coded questions)  Any of these:   Exact Phrase: All of these: None of these: Author: Periodical: Projects: No restrictions   Libraries: Public   Select SRS Projects Show Saved Terms Select Library Show articles that do not have abstracts  Language English French German Italian Japanese Russian Spanish Afrikaans Albanian Unknown Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Bosnian Bulgarian Catalan Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Esperanto Estonian Finnish Georgian Greek, Modern Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Kinyarwanda Korean Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Malay Malayalam Maori Multiple Languages Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Pushto Romanian Sanskrit Scottish gaelic Serbian Slovak Slovenian Swedish Thai Turkish Ukrainian Vietnamese Not English Not French Type of Article Clinical Trial Editorial Letter Meta-Analysis Practice Guideline Randomized Controlled Trial Review Addresses Bibliography Biography Case Reports Classical Article Clinical Conference Clinical Trial, Phase I Clinical Trial, Phase II Clinical Trial, Phase III Clinical Trial, Phase IV Comment Comparative Study Consensus Development Conference Consensus Development Conference, NIH Controlled Clinical Trial Corrected and Republished Article Dictionary Directory Duplicate Publication English Abstract Evaluation Studies Festschrift Government Publications Guideline Historical Article Interview In Vitro Journal Article Lectures Legal Cases Legislation Multicenter Study News Newspaper Article Overall Patient Education Handout Periodical Index Published Erratum Retracted Publication Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Retraction of Publication Scientific Integrity Review Support of Research Technical Report Twin Study Validation Studies Not a Primary Study or Review Unknown Primary Study Case Series Case Control Cohort Study Observational Study Qualitative Research CBA or ITS Registry Double Blind Controlled before after study Quasi-randomized trial Simple before after study Cluster-RCT Non-Randomized Study Report Book Book chapter Dissertation Conference procedings Secondary Research Not RCT Humans or Animals Humans Animals Ages All Infant: birth-23 months All Child: 0-18 years All Adult: 19+ years Newborn: birth-1 month Infant: 1-23 months Preschool Child: 2-5 years Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Middle Aged + Aged: 45+ years Aged: 65+ years 80 and over: 80+ years Undetermined Results(1-25 of 744) Sort By: Publication Date Relevance Took: 1.166 seconds to search 17,750,454  Action: Copy Results to new Clipboard Build Search Link Page 1 of 30 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (744 articles found) [Synchronous neoplastic lesions in colorectal cancer. An analysis of possible risk factors favouring presentation] Mar 2008 A Borda,J M Martínez-Peñuela,M Muñoz-Navas,C Prieto,M Betés,F Borda AIM: few data have been published regarding the causes of synchronous lesions in patients with colorectal cancer. The aim of our study was to identify potential factors that might be implicated in the development of multicentric lesions, since this knowledge could be useful for tailored follow-up o... ( view more )nce initial synchronous lesions have been removed. METHODS: we retrospectively reviewed 382 colorectal cancer cases diagnosed by total colonoscopy and histological study of surgical specimens. We divided our population into 2 groups, based on whether they had synchronous lesions or otherwise. Several data related to personal and family history, habits, symptoms, and tumor characteristics were assessed. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: 208 (54.5%) patients had synchronous adenomas and 28 (7.3%) had synchronous cancer. A multivariate analysis showed that the following parameters were consistently related to the presence of multicentric lesions--male gender: OR = 1.97; CI = 1.13-3.45; p = 0.017; age = 59 years: OR = 2.57; CI = 1.54-4.29; p < 0.001; personal history of colonic adenomas: OR = 3.04; CI = 1.04-8.85; p = 0.042; and obstructive tumors: OR = 0.48; CI = 0.27-0.85; p = 0.012. CONCLUSION: our results show that several parameters that are easy to measure could be considered risk factors for the development of multicentric lesions. These factors need to be confirmed with follow-up studies analyzing their role in patients with and without metachronic lesions once all synchronous lesions have been removed. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Antimitogenic effect of Larrea divaricata Cav.: participation in arachidonate metabolism. Feb 1999 C Anesini,A Genaro,G Cremaschi,L Sterin Borda,E Borda Aqueous extracts of the leaves of Larrea divaricata Cav. exert antimitogenic effects on tumor cells (BW 5147 murine immature T-lymphoma) and normal, stimulated lymphocytes. The effective concentration was four times smaller in the case of tumor cells than in the case of normal, stimulated lymphocyt... ( view more )es. Inhibitor studies of arachidonate pathway suggest that the proliferative effect of the extract is due to the activation of lipoxygenase metabolism, while the inhibitory action could be a direct effect. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Testing a model of absence and intent to stay in employment: a study of registered nurses in Malta. Oct 1997 R G Borda,I J Norman This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design to test a model of absence and turnover of registered nurses developed from a review of the research literature (Gauci Borda and Norman, 1997). Testing the model involved comparing the relationship between job satisfaction, kinship responsibil... ( view more )ity, pay, employment opportunity, intent to stay in employment and absence for male and female registered nurses. All registered nurses (n = 254) working in clinical areas on a full-time shift basis, in one large general hospital in Malta were surveyed by questionnaire and their absence data were obtained from the hospital personnel records. A response rate of 67% (n = 171) was achieved. The results showed that nurses were satisfied with their job and intended to stay in their present employment for the next 12 months. Relationships between variables differed between male and female nurses, with job satisfaction being associated with intent to stay for male nurses but not for females and kinship responsibility and intent to stay being associated with absence in female but not male nurses. In contrast to many previous studies of nurses, an association was found between job satisfaction and absence. Several variables, including fear of change, which may influence intent to stay of Maltese nurses, were identified. The proposed model of absence and turnover stood up reasonably well to testing, but the results for the whole sample, and the sub-samples of male and female nurses supported different parts of the model. The main implication for future research is that male and female nurses should be studied separately due to differences found between the two groups. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Changes in T-cell phenotype and adhesion molecules expression in psoriatic lesions after low-dose cyclosporin therapy. Oct 1996 O Servitje,X Bordas,D Serón,A Vidaller,A Moreno,N Curcó,G Sais,J Peyrí Cyclosporin is a very effective treatment for severe psoriasis, but its exact mechanism of action in this disease is not completely understood. It has been hypothesized that the drug could act through the inhibition of the expression of certain cell adhesion molecules on the keratinocytes prior to ... ( view more )the reduction in the number of epidermal inflammatory cells. Several studies have focused on ICAM-1 changes on keratinocytes and endothelial cells after cyclosporin treatment in psoriatic patients but their results have been somewhat contradictory. We examined changes in T-cell markers and adhesion molecules among keratinocytes, endothelial and inflammatory cells after low-dose cyclosporin treatment for severe psoriasis. We performed a histological and immunohistochemical study on psoriatic skin among 10 patients (7 males and 3 females; mean age 37 years) treated with low-dose (2.5 mg/kg/day) cyclosporin, prior to therapy, after 1 month, and after 3 months of treatment. The mean PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) before treatment was 23 +/- 4, 13 +/- 7 after the first month of therapy, and 8 +/- 2 at the end of the third month of therapy. Pretherapy samples showed a moderate to severe inflammatory infiltrate mainly due to T-lymphocytes expressing a T-cell memory (UCHL-1) and helper/inducer (CD4) phenotype. Most of these cells also expressed HLA-DR and LFA-1 and ICAM-1 antigens. After the treatment, an overall reduction in the degree of epidermal hyperplasia was seen (p = 0.01). The severity of the infiltrate was clearly reduced (p = 0.05), but no significant changes in the phenotype profile were observed. Although slightly reduced, endothelial ICAM-1 expression persisted after cyclosporin therapy. Keratinocyte ICAM-1 expression was uniformly and significantly reduced after 1 month and 3 months of therapy (p = 0.01). These results support the hypothesis that cyclosporin interferes with the expression of keratinocyte adhesion molecules in patients with psoriasis. Servitje O, Bordas X, Serón D, Vidaller A, Moreno A, Curcó N, Sais G, Peyrí J. Changes in T-cell phenotype and adhesion molecules expression in psoriatic lesions after low-dose cyclosporin therapy. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Contractile characteristics of fimbrial, isthmic, ampullar, and fimbrio-ampullar segments of isolated sow (Sus scrofa) oviducts as influenced by ovulation, adrenergic mechanisms, and prostaglandin E1. 1980 E S Borda,N B Speziale,L J Borda,M F Gimeno,A L Gimeno Spontaneous contractile characteristics, as well as inotropic influences of norepinephrine (NE) and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on different sow oviductal segments isolated from preovulatory or early postovulatory period, were explored. Postovulatory fimbrial preparations contracted with higher intensi... ( view more )ty and slower frequency than preovulatory ones whereas the spontaneous motility of other regions were comparable at both stages. Norepinephrine (NE) depressed preovulatory ampullar and fimbrio-ampullar portions but stimulated fimbrial and isthmic segments. However, after ovulation NE enhanced the motility of all tubal regions, particularly the fimbrial ones. Phentolamine abolished and even reversed, on postovulatory ampulla, the contractile augmentation elicited by NE. PGE1 markedly diminished the tension and frequency of preovulatory fimbrial and fimbrio-ampullar segments but it was inactive on other ampullar regions. This depressant influence on the preovulatory fimbrio-ampullar region was replaced, a few hours following ovulation, by a distinct contractile increment. Although phentolamine failed to alter the PGE1 postovulatory ampullar influences, it clearly blunted the PGE1 enhancement of postovulatory isthmic motility. The results suggest that changes observed in adrenergic or postaglandinic responses of the sow oviduct may be linked to influences exerted by rapid variations of circulating substances associated with the ovulatory process. Furthermore it is also plausible that the action of PGE1 on the isthmus but not on the ampulla is undirect and attributable, at least in part, to the release of NE. It finally appears that the fimbrio-ampullar junction of the domestic sow acts as a "prostaglandin sphincter" able to avoid the loss of oocytes newly introduced into the oviduct. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Study of frequency, distribution and diagnostic performance in synchronic neoplastic lesions of colorectal carcinoma] 2008 Jan-Apr A Borda,Jm Martínez Peñuela,C Prieto,M Muñoz,C Carretero,F Borda AIM: To analyse the frequency, characteristics and diagnosis of synchronic neoplastic lesions in colorectal cancer. METHODS: A review was carried out of 384 colorectal cancers, diagnosed through complete colonoscopy and resected. The synchronic cancers and the characteristics of the adenomas were d... ( view more )etermined: number, size, histological type, dysplasia, as well as their localisation in the colon and with respect to the carcinoma. RESULTS: Twenty-eight synchronic cancers were found (7.3% of the total); 8 developed tumours and 20 malignant polyps. In 54.4% of the cases there was a synchronic adenoma. In patients with synchronic lesions, 43% showed an advanced adenoma. Twenty percent of the synchronic polyps found were proximal to the splenic flexure; 41% were distal and 38% had both localisations. Fifty-nine point one percent of the patients had some adenoma proximal to the cancer, with criteria of advanced adenoma in 13.9%. The distribution of the adenomas was more uniformly spread in the cancers with a proximal localisation (p = 0.038). Seventeen percent of the distal cancers presented synchronic lesions with a proximal colon localisation exclusively. Partial endoscopies would diagnose the distal cancers, but would omit a synchronic adenoma in 42.3% of the sigmoidoscopies and 40% of the short colonoscopies. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of carcinoma and synchronic adenomas were registered. We underline the high index of advanced adenomas and the frequency of synchronic lesions proximal to the cancer, which is why incomplete colonoscopies, although allowing the diagnosis of the distal cancer, omit a high percentage of synchronic adenomas, including advanced lesions. All of this confirms the need to perform a complete pre-, intra- and post operational colonoscopy in resectable colorectal cancer. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Dark-lumen MR colonography with fecal tagging: a comparison of water enema and air methods of colonic distension for detecting colonic neoplasms. Jul 2008 Sonia Rodriguez Gomez,Mario Pagés Llinas,Antoni Castells Garangou,Carmen De Juan Garcia,Josep M Bordas Alsina,Jordi Rimola Gibert,Juan R Ayuso Colella,Carmen Ayuso Colella The purpose was to evaluate MR colonography (MRC) with barium fecal tagging in detecting colorectal pathology and to determine how air-based and water-based colonic distension influences MRC. We studied 83 patients with high risk of colonic neoplasms. All received oral barium sulfate for colonic pr... ( view more )eparation before unenhanced and enhanced T1-weighted gradient-echo MRC using either water (n=54) or air (n=29) for colonic distension. Fecal tagging, distension, and artifacts were recorded. All patients underwent conventional colonoscopy within 2 weeks of MRC; the techniques were compared for detection of malignant neoplasms and polyps >/=1 cm, 6-9 mm, and /=1 cm, but more air-distended MRC were excluded for poor quality. MRC with fecal tagging is useful for detecting lesions >/=1 cm. Air distension was inferior to water distension in most aspects. Water-based colonic distension should be used for barium-tagging MRC. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Substance P receptor antagonist reverses intestinal pathophysiological alterations occurring in a novel ex-vivo model of Cryptosporidium parvum infection of intestinal tissues derived from SIV-infected macaques. Jun 2008 A Garza,A Lackner,P Aye,M D'Souza,P Martin,J Borda,D J Tweardy,J Weinstock,J Griffiths,P Robinson Background Cryptosporidium infection leads to life-threatening diarrhea in AIDS patients. Pathogenesis of cryptosporidiosis is due to intestinal physiological alterations. We devised an ex-vivo model using ex-vivo Cryptosporidium parvum infection of jejunal tissues derived from SIV-infected macaque... ( view more )s and studied the role of substance P (SP) in the pathogenesis of cryptosporidiosis. Methods We measured jejunal SP protein levels using ELISA, and electrophysiological alterations using the Ussing chamber technique in an ex vivo model of Cryptosporidium infection. Paraformaldehyde-fixed jejunum from SIV-infected macaques with and without naturally occurring cryptosporidiosis was studied for SP protein expression by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence deconvolution microscopy. Results Ex-vivo Cryptosporidium-infected tissues and tissues from SIV-infected macaques with naturally occurring cryptosporidiosis demonstrated elevated SP protein levels compared with tissues from SIV-infected animals without ex-vivo C. parvum infection or tissues from SIV-infected animals that have no evidence of cryptosporidiosis. In our ex-vivo model of Cryptosporidium infection, we demonstrated pathophysiological alterations that were blocked by SP-receptor antagonist treatment. Conclusions These studies suggest that SP-receptor antagonists could prove useful for treatment of AIDS-related cryptosporidiosis. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Beta-adrenoceptor alterations coupled with secretory response and experimental periodontitis in rat submandibular glands. Jun 2008 Lucila Busch,Leonor Sterin-Borda,Enri Borda In this paper we have studied the influence of a well-established rat model of periodontitis on resting and adrenergic-stimulated mucin secretion from rat submandibular glands. The selective beta(1)-receptor subtype agonist, dobutamine, induced mucin secretion while the selective beta(2)-, alpha(1)... ( view more )- and alpha(2)-agonists, soterenol, phenylephrine and clonidine, respectively, did not. In rats subjected to ligature-induced periodontitis mucin release, under unstimulated conditions (basal values), was significantly increased. This increment was abolished in the presence of propranolol and atenolol. Isoproterenol, concentration-dependent, increased mucin release in control and in ligature-induced periodontitis rats. Maximal effect of isoproterenol was decreased in rats with ligature while EC(50) was increased. Neither, the inhibition of NOS by l-NMMA nor the inhibition of COX by indomethacin could revert the effect of ligature on mucin release under unstimulated and isoproterenol-stimulated conditions. The inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by SQ 22536 resulted in a right shift of isoproterenol concentration-response curves in both groups, control and with ligature and returned basal values of rats with ligature to control ones. beta-Receptor population was decreased in submandibular gland membranes from rats with ligature without changes in affinity. Potencies of the beta-receptor antagonists in the competition studies were similar in both groups under study, control and with ligature. We conclude that in rats subjected to ligature-induced periodontitis unstimulated mucin secretion is increased. The increment seems to be due to an activation of the sympathetic system since it is inhibited by the beta-adrenoceptors antagonists and by the inhibition of the adenylyl cyclase. We can speculate that inflammatory mediators from the experimental periodontitis could be involved in the mechanism underlying the activation of the sympathetic system. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Effect of citric acid and EDTA on chromium and nickel uptake and translocation by Datura innoxia. Jun 2008 Liliane Jean,François Bordas,Cécile Gautier-Moussard,Philippe Vernay,Adnane Hitmi,Jean-Claude Bollinger EDTA and citric acid were tested to solubilize metals and enhance their uptake by Datura innoxia, chosen because of its ability to accumulate and tolerate metals. Two application modes were used on an industrial soil contaminated mainly by Cr and Ni. The results showed that citric acid was the most... ( view more ) effective at increasing the uptake of Cr and EDTA for Ni. These results are consistent with the effectiveness of both chelants in solubilizing metals from the soil. The translocation factor (TF) of Ni was 1.6- and 6.7-fold higher than the control, respectively, for one and two applications of 1mmolkg(-1) EDTA. After two applications of 5 and 10mmolkg(-1) citric acid, the TF of Cr increased 2- and 3.5-fold relative to the control. Whatever the concentration, the application of EDTA modified the plant physiology significantly. For citric acid this was only observed with the highest dose (10mmolkg(-1)). ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Effect of pH on cadmium and lead binding by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from environmental bacterial strains. May 1, 2008 Gilles Guibaud,François Bordas,Asmaa Saaid,Paul D'abzac,Eric Van Hullebusch Cd and Pb binding by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from seven environmental bacterial strains were investigated as a function of pH. The study was carried out by using a polarographic method in the stripping mercury dropping electrode (SMDE) mode which is able to determine labi... ( view more )le metal in solution containing soluble ligands such as EPS. The results obtained provide evidence for the presence of a pH-sorption/desorption edge for Cd and Pb by EPS. Kurbatov's model gives information on the mechanisms involved through the determination of "relative complexation constants" (operationally defined) and the number of exchanged protons. This model shows that proton exchange with metals is not the only mechanism involved in metal biosorption by bacterial EPS. The position of the pH-sorption edge curves and the "relative complexation constants" show that Pb displays a greater affinity for EPS than Cd. For a given metal, the seven EPS investigated did not display differences regarding the binding strength. This work suggests that a wide range of products of bacterial species isolated from activated sludge exhibit similar binding behaviours for Cd or Pb, which may potentially simplify the modelling of the distribution and the speciation of metals in bacteria-bearing natural systems. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Quality of life in transplant patients, compared to other stressful health situations in pulmonary patients.] May 2008 Antonio Galán Rodríguez,Angeles M Pérez San Gregorio,Agustín Martín Rodríguez,Mercedes Borda Más Quality of life in transplant patients, compared to other stressful health situations in pulmonary patients. Transplantation may imply severe biopsychosocial impairments. In order to know the quality of life of patients one year after transplantation, 58 subjects were compared to three different gr... ( view more )oups of patients (stabilized and acute COPD patients, and lung cancer patients in a surgery unit). Patients filled in two questionnaires: EORTC QLQ-C30 (quality of life) and HAD (anxiety and depression). The quality of life dimensions with inter-group differences were physical, role, emotional and cognitive functioning, global health status, and a number of symptoms (fatigue, dyspnea, insomnia and appetite loss). There were differences in depression, and but not in anxiety. Transplant and surgical patients showed better quality of life and affective status than chronic pulmonary patients. Discriminant analysis showed that the transplant group was the best described group. We conclude that patients, one year after transplantation, show similar quality of life as asymptomatic hospitalised patients, somewhat better than chronic patients in a stabilized stage of the disease, and much better than severe chronic patients. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Microlasers based on effective index confined slow light modes in photonic crystal waveguides. Apr 28, 2008 Samuele Gardin,Frederic Bordas,Xavier Letartre,Christian Seassal,Adel Rahmani,Renato Bozio,Pierre Viktorovitch We present the design, theory and experimental implementation of a low modal volume microlaser based on a line-defect 2D-photonic crystal waveguide. The lateral confinement of low-group velocity modes is controlled by the post-processing of 1 to 3microm wide PMMA strips on top of two dimensional ph... ( view more )otonic crystal waveguides. Modal volume around 1.3 (lambda/n)(3) can be achieved using this scheme. We use this concept to fabricate microlaser devices from an InP-based heterostructure including InAs(0.65)P(0.35) quantum wells emitting around 1550nm and bonded onto a fused silica wafer. We observe stable, room-temperature laser operation with an effective lasing threshold around 0.5mW. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Wireless capsule endoscopy. Apr 7, 2008 A Mata,J Llach,J M Bordas Wireless capsule endoscopy is a new technique that allows complete exploration of the small bowel without external wires. Its role has been analyzed in many small bowel diseases such as obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal polyposis syndromes with promising result... ( view more )s. Studies on other pathologies (i.e. small bowel tumour, celiac disease) are under evaluation to define the role of this technique. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Immune response during laparoscopic and open living donor nephrectomy. An experimental pig model] Apr 2008 J Sáenz Medina,M S Asuero de Lis,J Villafruela Sanz,C Correa Gorospe,B Cuevas,J Galindo Alvarez,A Páez Borda,A I Linares Quevedo,R Marcén Letosa,J Pascual Santos,F J Burgos Revilla INTRODUCTION: It's been demonstrated laparoscopic access determines a lower surgical stress, by measurement of several markers as different interleuquines (IL) or C-reactive protein (CRP). Endothelin 1 (ET-1) is a powerful vasoconstrictor produced in renal endothelium scarcely studied in laparoscop... ( view more )y. The objective of this study is to analyze immune response during laparoscopic and open donor nephrectomy, in a porcine experimental model by means of measuring IL-2, 10, tumoral necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), CRP and ET-1. METHODS: Twenty pigs underwent left nephrectomy, 10 by laparoscopy and 10 by open approach in an experimental model. Both groups were monitorized IL-2, 10, TNF alpha, ET-1 at basal, immediately post surgery, first, third, fifth and seventh days after procedure. RESULTS: The comparative analysis between groups demonstrated a significant increase in levels of CRP (1.44+/-0.88 vs 1.32+/-0.14 mg/dl, p=0.046), TNF alpha (131.14+/-41.37 vs 57.19+/-23.71 pg/ml, p>0.001) and ET-1 (0.91+/-0.49 vs 0.56+/-0.5 fmol/ml, p=0.001) of open nephrectomy group, as a higher levels of IL-2 in laparoscopic group. CONCLUSIONS: Open donor nephrectomy determines a higher immune response than laparoscopic approach. The importance of this fact over the ischemia-reperfusion syndrome or the immediate function of graft is not clearly established. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Gastric plasmacytoma as an uncommon cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.] Apr 2008 Miren Vicuña Arregui,Erika Borobio Aguilar,Juan José Vila Costas,M Cruz Viguria Alegría,Miren Arrechea Irigoyen,Fernando Borda Celaya,José María Martínez-Peñuela Vinseda Gastric plasmacytoma is an infrequent form of presentation of monoclonal gammopathy that, if ulcerated, can cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding. This entity is usually localized but may progress to multiple myeloma or other forms of monoclonal gammopathy. Differential diagnosis should be performe... ( view more )d with other monoclonal gammopathies, based on laboratory and histological criteria, as well as with other gastric tumors such as adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, neuroendocrine tumors and lymphomas. Differential diagnosis can be based on radiological and endoscopic characteristics, although definitive diagnosis will undoubtedly be based on histological study and immunohistochemical techniques. We describe the case of a male patient who underwent investigations for upper gastrointestinal bleeding and iron deficiency anemia. The final diagnosis was multiple myeloma associated with gastric plasmacytoma. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Impact of different tongue cleaning methods on the bacterial load of the tongue dorsum. Apr 2008 Alice Bordas,Rod McNab,Angela M Staples,Jim Bowman,Joe Kanapka,Marylynn P Bosma OBJECTIVE: To assess the extent and duration of the effect of tongue cleaning procedures on bacterial load on the dorsal surface of the tongue. METHODS: 19 subjects participated in this blinded crossover study. Subjects abstained from oral hygiene, eating and drinking from 22:00 h the previous even... ( view more )ing. Tongue samples were collected at baseline and within 15 minutes of one of three procedures: teeth brushing alone; teeth brushing plus tongue scraping; teeth brushing plus tongue cleaning using a high speed vacuum ejector and irrigation with 20 ml antibacterial mouthwash. Subjects then brushed twice daily for 3 days apart from the second group who additionally scraped their tongue twice daily. On day 4, baseline and post-treatment samples were collected as per day 1. Bacteria (total anaerobes, Gram-negative anaerobes, VSC-producing bacteria and Streptococcus saliuarius) were enumerated using appropriate selective media. RESULTS: The tongue dorsum was colonized by all 4 bacterial categories (log(10) 6-8 cfu/sample). For subjects who brushed their teeth only, there was a significant reduction from baseline for S. saliuarius only. In contrast, tooth brushing plus tongue scraping resulted in statistically significant reductions from baseline for all bacterial categories (range log(10) 0.11-0.40 cfu/sample). Highly statistically significant reductions (log(10) 1.11-1.96 cfu/sample) were observed for subjects who underwent thorough tongue cleaning with the saliva ejector/mouthwash. To determine longevity of treatment effects, baseline bacterial loads for days 1 and 4 were compared. Only daily tongue scraping resulted in statistical significant reduction in baseline microbial loads on day 4. CONCLUSION: While mechanical tongue cleaning with or without chemical intervention can reduce bacterial load on the tongue, this effect is transient, and regular tongue cleaning is required to provide a long lasting (overnight) reduction in bacterial numbers. Nevertheless, tongue cleaning is an oral hygiene procedure that is little practiced due to discomfort and/or lack of awareness on the part of dental professionals and their patients. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [High incidence rates of inflammatory bowel disease in Navarra (Spain). Results of a prospective, population-based study] Mar 2008 Antonio Arin Letamendia,Fernando Borda Celaya,M Jesús Burusco Paternain,Carlos Prieto Martínez,Ana Martínez Echeverría,Inmaculada Elizalde Apestegui,Matilde Laiglesia Izquierdo,Elena Macias Mendizábal,Paolo Tamburri Moso,Félix Sánchez Valverde INTRODUCTION: As reflected in the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1991-1993), differences between northern and southern European countries in the incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) show a tendency to decrease. No data are available on the curre... ( view more )nt incidence of these diseases in Navarre (northern Spain). AIM: To determine the present incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Navarra. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, population-based study was performed to determine the incidence of IBD in Navarra between 2001 and 2003. Total population: 569,628 inhabitants (284,620 males). All cases of IBD diagnosed in any public or private hospital in Navarre were included in the study. Crude rates and age- and sex-specific rates adjusted to the European standard population were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 288 cases were diagnosed (UC 176, CD 102, indeterminate colitis 10). Crude rates of UC, CD and indeterminate colitis were 10.29, 5.96 and 0.58 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year respectively (the population aged 0-14 years of age was included). Specific rates were 9.57 (95% CI, 7.27-12.57) and 5.85 (95% CI, 3.99-8.14) cases/100,000 inhabitants/year for UC and CD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of UC and CD in Navarra has increased in the last decade, with rates close to those of northern European countries and higher than those recently published in Spanish prospective studies. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Endoscopic management of early GI hemorrhage after laparoscopic gastric bypass. Mar 2008 Glòria Fernández-Esparrach,Josep M Bordas,Maria Pellisé,Antonio Z Gimeno-García,Antonio Lacy,Salvadora Delgado,Andrés Cárdenas,Angels Ginès,Oriol Sendino,Dulce Momblán,Michel Zabalza,Josep Llach BACKGROUND: Early upper GI hemorrhage (UGH) is a potential complication after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP), and early reoperative intervention is the most accepted treatment. Experience with endoscopic treatment is limited. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the role of endosco... ( view more )py and injection therapy in the management of early UGH after laparoscopic RYGBP. DESIGN: Case series study. SETTING: Endoscopy Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. PATIENTS: We describe the endoscopic treatment of 6 patients with early UGH within 24 hours after a RYGBP. INSTRUMENTATION: Upper endoscopy was performed in all 6 cases. The origin of the bleeding was identified at the staple line in all cases, and epinephrine alone or combined with polidocanol was successfully injected in 5 of 6 patients. RESULTS: Endoscopic therapy arrested active bleeding without any complications in all cases without the need for further surgery or endoscopic treatments. LIMITATION: Our experience is limited to 6 cases. CONCLUSION: Early postoperative UGH after RYGBP may be adequately controlled with endoscopic treatment and may obviate the need for surgery. Further data are necessary to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of this approach. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles CD163, a marker of perivascular macrophages, is up-regulated by microglia in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis after haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex stimulation and is suggestive of breakdown of the blood-brain barrier. Mar 2008 Juan T Borda,Xavier Alvarez,Mahesh Mohan,Atsuhiko Hasegawa,Andrea Bernardino,Sherrie Jean,Pyone Aye,Andrew A Lackner Macrophages and microglia are the major cell types infected by human immunodeficiency virus and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in the central nervous system. Microglia are likely infected in vivo, but evidence of widespread productive infection (ie, presence of viral RNA and protein) is lackin... ( view more )g. This conclusion is controversial because, unlike lymphocytes, macrophages and microglia cannot be discreetly immunophenotyped. Of particular interest in the search for additional monocyte/macrophage-lineage cell markers is CD163; this receptor for haptoglobin-hemoglobin (Hp-Hb) complex, which forms in plasma following erythrolysis, is expressed exclusively on cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage. We examined CD163 expression in vitro and in vivo by multiple techniques and at varying times after SIV infection in macaques with or without encephalitis. In normal and acutely SIV-infected animals, and in SIV-infected animals without encephalitis, CD163 expression was detected in cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage, including perivascular macrophages, but not in parenchymal microglia. However, in chronically infected animals with encephalitis, CD163 expression was detected in activated microglia surrounding SIV encephalitis lesions in the presence of Hp-Hb complex, suggesting leakage of the blood-brain barrier. CD163 expression was also induced on microglia in vitro after stimulation with Hp-Hb complex. We conclude that CD163 is a selective marker of perivascular macrophages in normal macaques and during the early phases of SIV infection; however, later in infection in animals with encephalitis, CD163 is also expressed by microglia, which are probably activated as a result of vascular compromise. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [The role of endoscopic ultrasonography in the etiological evaluation of idiopathic acute pancreatitis] Feb 2008 J J Vila,F Borda,F J Jiménez Up to 30% of patients with acute pancreatitis are diagnosed of idiopathic acute pancreatitis after an initial evaluation including a complete clinical history, physical examination, analysis with calcium and triglycerides determination, and at least one transabdominal ultrasonography. Unexplained p... ( view more )ancreatitis represents a diagnostic challenge, although after different explorations a cause is found in the majority of these patients. During the last years endosonography has proved to be a low morbidity exploration very useful in the evaluation of patients with this entity. In this article we review the role of endosonography in the etiologic study of patients with idiopathic acute pancreatitis. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Endoscopic dilation with Savary-Gilliard bougies of stomal strictures after laparosocopic gastric bypass in morbidly obese patients. Feb 2008 Glòria Fernández-Esparrach,Josep M Bordas,Josep Llach,Antonio Lacy,Salva Delgado,Josep Vidal,Andrés Cárdenas,Maria Pellisé,Angels Ginès,Oriol Sendino,Michel Zabalza,Antoni Castells BACKGROUND: Anastomotic strictures after bariatric surgery are a frequent complication that requires endoscopic management, but the optimal technique for dilation remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dilation with Savary-Gilliard bougies (SGB) i... ( view more )n morbidly obese patients treated with laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data from a series of 474 consecutive patients with laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Four-hundred twenty four of these patients (90%) underwent a laparoscopic RYGBP. A total of 24 patients were referred for anastomotic stricture dilation with SGB from January 1998 to December 2006. RESULTS: A total of 24/424 patients (6%) developed a stricture that was successfully dilated with SGB. Patients were 17 females (71%) and seven males (29%) with a mean age of 41 +/- 11 years (range 24-63) and a mean BMI of 48 +/- 6 (range 40-69). The time between RYGBP and the appearance of stricture-related symptoms ranged from 29 to 154 days (mean, 69 days). The mean number of dilations was 1.6 +/- 0.6. The majority of patients required one (n = 11; 46%) or two (n = 12; 50%) dilations and only one patient required three dilations. During the initial dilation, a final diameter of 11 +/- 1.7 mm (range 7-12.8 mm) was achieved. In all cases, there was complete resolution of symptoms. There were no complications. CONCLUSIONS: Dilation with SGB is an effective, safe, and durable method for managing anastomotic strictures after laparoscopic RYGBP. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles MCMI-II borderline personality disorder in anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Feb 2008 Inmaculada Torres Pérez,Carmen del Río Sánchez,Mercedes Borda Mas The aim of the present study is to explore the MCMI-II personality style and MCMI-II possible disorder of borderline personality (BPD) in various groups of women. 93 patients-31 anorexia nervosa restricting subtype (ANr), 31 anorexia nervosa binge-eating/purging subtype (ANp), and 31 bulimia nervos... ( view more )a purging subtype (BNp); 31 women at high risk for eating disorder or symptomatic control group (S-CG) and 31 without known pathology or not symptomatic control group (NS-CG)-completed the Spanish version of the MCMI-II. The results revealed: (1) clinically significant borderline personality traits [74>Base Rate (BR) <85]: 16.1% ANr, 12.9% ANp, and 45.2% BNp versus 3.2% of the S-CG and none of the NS-CG; (2) possible disorder (BR>84): 29% ANr, 41.9% ANp and 29% BNp. According to the MCM-II, women with BNp displayed more BPD traits than possible disorder (though these were more severe). However, the probability of a possible disorder was higher in ANp (more disorders than traits). ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Ischemia-reperfusion syndrome and role of preservation graft technique after laparoscopic versus open nephrectomy in a experimental model of living donor kidney transplant] Jan 2008 D Subirá Ríos,D Rodríguez Martínez,E Dulin,J García Bordas,E Alvarez Fernández,J F del Cañizo López,C Hernández Fernández,E Lledó García INTRODUCTION: Delayed graft function alter living donor transplantation is a subject of debate. Delayed graft function can be partially explained by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, when severe is associated with decreased graft survival. In this experimental living donor model study, we analyze ... ( view more )the hemodynamic, histological and biochemical effects of laparoscopic nephrectomy. We also, analyze the effect of a pulsatile machine perfusion for kidney preservation during cold ischemia time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty large-white pigs (average weight 40-45 kgrs) were divided in 4 experimental groups: Group A: Laparoscopic nephrectomy+ immediate graft perfusion in pulsatile vacuum pump+autotransplant Group B: Laparoscopic nephrectomy+ immediate graft perfusion by gravity+autotransplant Group C: Open nephrectomy+immediate graft perfusion in pulsatile vacuum pump+autotransplant Group D: Open nephrectomy+ immediate graft perfusion by gravity+autotransplant Both laparoscopic and open nephrectomy were completed transperitoneally according to standardized technique. Hypothermic perfusion was done in a system designed in our lab. RESULTS: We observed a decreased renal artery flow in kidneys procured laparoscopically compared to open nephrectomy. We found an artery flow recovery during the first 60 minutes after revascularization. Renal machine perfusion during cold ischemia time seems to have no beneficial effect, but shows a deleterious effect on hemodynamic event for renal transplantation. Lower plasma nitric oxide level is observed in kidneys obtained by laparoscopy compared with open surgical technique. And finally, we also found higher histological damage in proximal tubular and endothelial cell, in kidneys obtained by laparoscopy compared with open surgery. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience: Laparoscopic nephrectomy versus open nephrectomy produces, in a model of living donor transplant, a lower value or renal blood flow and a higher value of renal vascular resistanse. These hemodynamic findings tend to normalize by 60 min after the reperfusion. A lower blood concentration of nitric oxide after the transplant was detected in laparoscopic group Vs open surgery group. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Clinical and immunopathologic alterations in rhesus macaques affected with globoid cell leukodystrophy. Jan 2008 Juan T Borda,Xavier Alvarez,Mahesh Mohan,Marion S Ratterree,Kathrine Phillippi-Falkenstein,Andrew A Lackner,Bruce A Bunnell Globoid cell leukodystrophy, or Krabbe's disease, is a severe disorder of the central and peripheral nervous system caused by the absence of galactocerebrosidase (GALC) activity. Herein, we describe the clinical, neuropathological, histochemical, and immunohistological features observed in rhesus m... ( view more )acaques affected with Krabbe's disease. Clinical signs included pronounced muscle tremors of head and limbs, difficulty ambulating, ataxia, hypermetria, proprioceptive deficits, and respiratory abnormalities. Histopathologically, all animals presented with evidence of demyelination in the peripheral and central nervous systems and accumulation of mononuclear and multinuclear globoid cells in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter associated with severe gliosis. Using immunohistochemistry and multi-label confocal microscopy, it was determined that globoid cells were CD68+, HAM56+, LN5+, CD163+, IBA-1+, and Glut-5+, suggesting that both peripheral blood-derived monocytes/macrophages and resident parenchymal microglia gave rise to globoid cells. Interestingly, many of the globoid cells and parenchymal microglia with a more ameboid morphology expressed HLA-DR, indicating immune activation. Increased expression of iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta were observed in the affected white matter, colocalizing with globoid cells, activated microglia, and astrocytes. Cytokine mRNA levels revealed markedly increased gene expression of CCL2 in the brain of affected macaques. CCL2-expressing cells were detected throughout the affected white matter, colocalizing with GFAP+ cells and astrocytes. Collectively, these data suggest that dysregulation of monocyte/macrophage/microglia and up-regulation of certain cytokines may contribute to the pathogenesis of Krabbe's disease. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Page 1 of 30 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (744 articles found)

      
 ESRNexus is provided as a service by TrialStat Corporation. ESRNexus is a registered trademark of TrialStat Corporation. Copyright 2008. View a list of all articles here