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GST Primary GST Primary Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Im... Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Improvement - Diabetes Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibio... Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-b... Systematic review assessing the effect of ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibiotics Management Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-based Practice Center, 117 Encina Commons, Stanford, CA 94305-6019, Kathy.mcdonald@stanford.edu Systematic review assessing the effect of quality improvement strategies on appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and appropriate choice of antibiotics. Adherence Adherence Assistive Devices Assistive Devices Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan CLSA_9 CLSA_9 Cyberabuse Cyberabuse Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent ... This review included randomized trials abo... Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent Men who Batter Their Partners This review included randomized trials about the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on domestic violence. The intervention included programs based on the Duluth Model. The violence had to be committed by a male toward his female partner. The violence also had to be physical. The primary outcomes were new arrests and convictions, and new reports of violence. CABG vs PCI CABG vs PCI Quality Improvement Strategies for Prevent... Quality Improvement Strategies for Preventing Nosocomial Infections (Created 17-Feb-06) Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma Control Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce S... This review was the first part of a projec... Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the first part of a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of smoking cessation interventions on reducing socio-economic differences. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio... This review was the second part in a proje... Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the second part in a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of interventions on reducing socio-economic differences in diet and physical activity. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the d... Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the data in the published report. We used SRS only for an updated search. The review included randomized trials about the effect of welfare-to-work programs. Participants were welfare recipients. There were basically two types of programs. The educational type tried to build knowledge and skills in order to help the welfare recipients acquire jobs that could support them economically. The "work first" approach was more aimed at getting the participants quickly into a job. Exercise interventions for the management ... The objective of this systematic review wa... Exercise interventions for the management of frailty The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of current exercise interventions on the management of frailty. A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, Cinahl, Scopus, Ageline, Eric, and SportDiscus databases was conducted and produced 1808 citations. So far we have completed 2 levels of “title and abstract” screening and we ended up with 262 articles. We have just started the full text screening. Eligibility criteria included original studies whose participants were identified as frail or prefrail with specific criteria and in which structured physical activity was included as at least one component of the intervention. Create a free account, build a dictionary with saved terms to re-use later! Public Domestic Violence - Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Workfare Exercise Interventions for the Management of Frailty Search     Simple Advanced Refine (4 coded questions)  Any of these:   Exact Phrase: All of these: None of these: Author: Periodical: Projects: No restrictions   Libraries: Public   Select SRS Projects Show Saved Terms Select Library Show articles that do not have abstracts  Language English French German Italian Japanese Russian Spanish Afrikaans Albanian Unknown Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Bosnian Bulgarian Catalan Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Esperanto Estonian Finnish Georgian Greek, Modern Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Kinyarwanda Korean Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Malay Malayalam Maori Multiple Languages Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Pushto Romanian Sanskrit Scottish gaelic Serbian Slovak Slovenian Swedish Thai Turkish Ukrainian Vietnamese Not English Not French Humans or Animals Humans Animals Ages All Infant: birth-23 months All Child: 0-18 years All Adult: 19+ years Newborn: birth-1 month Infant: 1-23 months Preschool Child: 2-5 years Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Middle Aged + Aged: 45+ years Aged: 65+ years 80 and over: 80+ years Undetermined Type of Article Clinical Trial Editorial Letter Meta-Analysis Practice Guideline Randomized Controlled Trial Review Addresses Bibliography Biography Case Reports Classical Article Clinical Conference Clinical Trial, Phase I Clinical Trial, Phase II Clinical Trial, Phase III Clinical Trial, Phase IV Comment Comparative Study Consensus Development Conference Consensus Development Conference, NIH Controlled Clinical Trial Corrected and Republished Article Dictionary Directory Duplicate Publication English Abstract Evaluation Studies Festschrift Government Publications Guideline Historical Article Interview In Vitro Journal Article Lectures Legal Cases Legislation Multicenter Study News Newspaper Article Overall Patient Education Handout Periodical Index Published Erratum Retracted Publication Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Retraction of Publication Scientific Integrity Review Support of Research Technical Report Twin Study Validation Studies Not a Primary Study or Review Unknown Primary Study Case Series Case Control Cohort Study Observational Study Qualitative Research CBA or ITS Registry Double Blind Controlled before after study Quasi-randomized trial Simple before after study Cluster-RCT Non-Randomized Study Report Book Book chapter Dissertation Conference procedings Secondary Research Not RCT Results(1-25 of 14,419) Sort By: Publication Date Relevance Took: 0.624 seconds to search 17,750,454  Action: Copy Results to new Clipboard Build Search Link Page 1 of 577 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (14419 articles found) [A case of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency with severe side effects from UFT/Uzel administration] Feb 2008 Kyohei Kai,Yoshikatsu Endo,Kazuhiro Yoshida,Tatsuya Morikawa,Tetsuji Nobuhisa,Takayuki Watanabe,Yusuke Matsumoto,Takatoshi Yamada,Yoshinori Doi,Akira Nakashima,Wataru Nagahiro,Shinji Ishizuka,Shizou Sato,Akira Nakashima,Akira Nabeyama 5-FU is among the drugs most frequently used in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies. Also, it has been reported to reveal severe side effects in the case of a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency. A 75-year-old man showed severe nausea and vomiting after administration of UFT... ( view more )/Uzel as adjuvant chemotherapy. Because of severe thrombocytopenia and grade 4 neutropenia, platelet transfusion and G-CSF administration were performed. With time, the leukocyte, neutrophil and platelet count recovered to normal level. We strongly suspected a DPD deficiency from the result of urinary pyrimidine analysis. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles siRNA targeting against EGFR, a promising candidate for a novel therapeutic application to lung adenocarcinoma. 2008 Sumitaka Yamanaka,Zhaodi Gu,Masami Sato,Rumi Fujisaki,Kenichi Inomata,Akira Sakurada,Akira Inoue,Toshihiro Nukiwa,Takashi Kondo,Akira Horii OBJECTIVE: To understand the molecular pathogenesis of lung cancer and to establish a novel therapeutic application, we examined the genetic alterations in lung cancer, and studied the effects of gefitinib and siRNA-mediated knockdown of EGFR on lung cancer. METHODS: We analyzed mutations in EGFR, ... ( view more )KRAS, TP53, and ERBB2 in 198 surgically resected lung cancer specimens. We then analyzed the effects of gefitinib and siRNA treatment on lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. RESULTS: Mutations in EGFR were found only in adenocarcinoma (35 of 106 adenocarcinoma), mainly in females (73%). Mutually exclusive mutations of EGFR and KRAS genes were observed.Mutations of EGFR were well associated with a positive response to gefitinib. Cells with EGFR mutations were very sensitive to gefitinib as well as siRNA-mediated knockdown of EGFR, those with KRAS mutations responded poorly, and those without mutations of KRAS and EGFR showed moderate responses to both treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Our present results imply that (1) mutation analyses of EGFR and KRAS provide valuable information about whether or not to apply treatments targeting against EGFR and the selection of dosage for such treatments, and (2) siRNA-mediated knockdown is effective in lung adenocarcinomas with EGFR mutation, probably in those with resistance to gefitinib by acquired mutation in EGFR. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [A case of advanced breast cancer leading to DIC after chemotherapy] Nov 2007 Shinji Ishizuka,Tatsuya Morikawa,Kazuhiro Yoshida,Tetsuji Nobuhisa,Yoshikatsu Endo,Takanori Watanabe,Yuusuke Matsumoto,Yoshinori Doi,Takatoshi Yamada,Kyouhei Kai,Akira Nakashima,Itaru Nagahiro,Shizo Sato,Akira Nakashima,Akira Nabeyama We reported a case of DIC who was administered FEC90 (5-FU 1,000 mg/body, epirubicin 170 mg/body, cyclophosphamide 1,000 mg/body) for advanced breast cancer. A 55-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with lumbago. There was a huge tumor in her left breast (10x10 cm) and bone scintigraphy sho... ( view more )wed multiple bone metastasis, so she was treated with FEC90. Before the third course, DIC occurred. The patient was then treated with FOY and heparin, and the DIC was resolved. We think the DIC of this case was related with tumor lysis syndrome. Febrile neutropenia has been occasionally emphasized during chemotherapy, but due care must be taken for lymphocyte depletion during treatment. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Posterior mediastinal angioleiomyoma: report of a case. Nov 2007 Akira Yasuda,Akira Mizuno,Akira Mishima,Shigeru Sasaki,Nobuo Ochi,Takehiro Wakasugi,Hirozumi Sawai,Hiromitsu Takeyama,Tadao Manabe We describe a case of mediastinal angioleiomyoma in an asymptomatic 72-year-old man, who was admitted to our hospital for a mediastinal tumor discovered during an annual medical examination. The tumor was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Unenhanced CT scan... ( view more )s demonstrated a tumor that was adjacent to the descending aorta. The tumor was partially enhanced in the early phase of contrast-enhanced CT, and in the late phase there was additional tumor enhancement. With MRI, the tumor displayed a homogeneous low signal intensity on the T1-weighted image and a homogeneous very high signal intensity on the T2-weighted image. Contrast-enhanced MRI demonstrated the same enhancement pattern as CT. The examination results led to a preoperative diagnosis of posterior mediastinal hemangioma, and the patient underwent surgery. The tumor originated from the supreme intercostal vein, and was diagnosed as an angioleiomyoma by histopathologic examination. Because mediastinal angioleiomyomas are very rare, they are difficult to diagnose preoperatively. However, we believe that CT and MRI can be of significant help in the differential diagnosis. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles The presence of tryptase-positive and bikunin-negative mast cells in psoriatic skin lesions. Feb 2007 Mohammad Said Ashenagar,Kazuko Sugihara,Akira Maeda,Rieko Isogai,Masae Takahashi,Kinuyo Aisu,Akira Horiuchi,Yoshinori Aragane,Akira Kawada,Tadashi Tezuka Human mast cells are well known to produce a serine protease, tryptase, which appears to play a pathogenic role in various skin inflammations. It was previously reported that a rat homologue of bikunin may inhibit tryptase activity. Various type of cells (i.e. keratinocytes) are able to produce thi... ( view more )s protein inhibitor, it still remains unclear if bikunin is present in dermal inflammatory milieu, in which mast cells, through secretion of tryptase, play an inflammatory role. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to exploit expression and production of bikunin in dermis and dermal constituents. We first compared the dermal mast cells in psoriatic lesions with those in lesional skin of atopic dermatitis or of chronic eczema by use of immunoelectron microscopy and immunohistochemical analyses using antibodies to bikunin and tryptase. Then, we tested what kinds of cytokines may regulate the de novo synthesis of bikunin. To do so, RNA was extracted from a human mastocytic cell line, HMC-1, reverse-transcribed, and semiquantitative RT-PCR was performed using primers specific for bikunin. With immunoelectron microscopy, bikunin was found to localize on the cell membrane, while tryptase was in the secretary granules of the mast cells. In psoriatic lesions, around 70% of dermal mast cells were positive for both tryptase and bikunin, and the remaining was mostly positive for tryptase, but the expression of bikunin was under the detection limit of the experimental setting. This observation was seen in only psoriatic lesions, even in almost cured lesions, while in atopic dermatitis or chronic eczema only mast cells doubly positive for bikunin and tryptase were seen. In HMC-1, bikunin was constitutively expressed at an mRNA level, which was upregulated by stimulation with interleukine-4, but was suppressed by interferon-gamma. Bearing in mind the concept that in psoriasis local cytokine milieu is shifted toward a Th1 pattern (predominant secretion of interferon-gamma), tryptase-positive, bikunin-negative mast cells may be induced. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles [In-vitro susceptibilites to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 18,639 clinical isolates obtained from 77 centers in 2004] Dec 2006 Keizo Yamaguchi,Akira Ohno,Yoshikazu Ishii,Kazuhiro Tateda,Morihiro Iwata,Makoto Kanda,Yoshiko Tsujio,Hiroya Kimoto,Mitsuomi Kaimori,Toshihiko Nakamura,Chizuko Kawamura,Masaharu Nishimura,Koji Akizawa,Yosei Katayama,Keiko Matsuda,Tasuku Hayashi,Minoru Yasujima,Takeshi Kasai,Masahiko Kimura,Makoto Tominaga,Makoto Miki,Susumu Nakanowatari,Takuo Nakagawa,Mitsuo Kaku,Keiji Kanemitsu,Hiroyuki Kunishima,Shunkoh Toyoshima,Masanori Sakurai,Joji Shiotani,Akihiro Sugita,Tatsumi Ito,Jun Okada,Akira Suwabe,Kumiko Yamahata,Akiko Yoneyama,Kazunari Kumasaka,Nobuo Yamane,Kazuhiko Koike,Tamio Ieiri,Hidenori Kominami,Toshiyuki Yamada,Toyoko Oguri,Kouichi Itoh,Kiyoaki Watanabe,Yoshio Kobayashi,Teruko Ohtake,Takashi Uchida,Kyoichi Totsuka,Masami Murakami,Sachie Yomoda,Ayako Takahashi,Hideyuki Okamoto,Kazuhisa Inuzuka,Kenichiro Yamazaki,Hideo Gonda,Takanori Yamashita,Ikuo Yamaguchi,Motoi Okada,Hiromi Ikari,Naomi Kurosawa,Yoshinori Fujimoto,Shiomi Ishigo,Yuko Asano,Mori Mikio,Ichino Kano,Eiko Nagano,Fumio Kageyama,Etsuko Shaku,Harushige Kanno,Masanori Aihara,Hitoshi Gemma,Keiichi Uemura,Eiji Miyajima,Shighefumi Maesaki,Giichi Hashikita,Toshinobu Horii,Midori Sumitomo,Hitoshi Yoshimura,Minoru Hiraoka,Hideo Wada,Yosuke Yuzuki,Norio Ikeda,Hisashi Baba,Masayuki Soma,Tsuyoshi Yamamoto,Satoshi Ichiyama,Syohiro Kinosita,Seiji Kawano,Shinichi Fujita,Takeshi Kageoka,Toshiharu Hongo,Hidetoshi Okabe,Kenichi Tatewaki,Kunihiko Moro,Mikio Oka,Yoshihito Niki,Haruyoshi Yoshida,Masanobu Yamashita,Nobuchika Kusano,Eiichiro Mihara,Motoko Nose,Takeshi Fushiwaki,Masao Kuwabara,Yoshihiro Fujiue,Akira Shimuzu,Takayuki Takubo,Tadashi Kusakabe,Yuji Hinoda,Nobuaki Tanaka,Hakuo Takahashi,Hitoshi Heijyou,Toshiro Okazaki,Koji Asai,Kunimitsu Kawahara,Junichi Masuda,Reiko Sano,Tomohiko Taminato,Kiyoshi Negayama,Syuji Matsuo,Masaru Komatsu,Tetsuro Sugiura,Mitsuharu Murase,Kazufumi Hiramatsu,Nobuhisa Yamane,Isao Nakasone,Yoichi Hirakata,Shigeru Kohno,Hisamichi Aizawa,Junichi Honda,Naotaka Hamazaki,Akihiko Okayama,Junko Ono,Yosuke Aoki,Kaoru Okada,Hiroaki Miyanohara A total of 18,639 clinical isolates in 19 species collected from 77 centers during 2004 in Japan were tested for their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (FQs) and other selected antibiotics. The common respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis a... ( view more )nd Haemophilus influenzae showed a high susceptible rate against FQs. The isolation rate of beta lactamase non-producing ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae was approximately three times as large as those of western countries. Most strains of Enterobacteriaceae were also susceptible to FQs. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli against FQs has however been rapidly increasing so far as we surveyed since 1994. The FQs-resistant rate in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) showed approximately 90% except for 36%. of sitafloxacin while FQs-resistant rate in methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) was around 5%. The FQs-resistant rate of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) was also higher than that of methicillin-susceptible coagulase negative Staphylococci (MSCNS), however, it was lower than that of MRSA. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates, 32-34% from UTI and 15-19% of from RTI was resistant to FQs. Acinetobacter spp. showed a high susceptibility to FQs. Although FQs-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae have not been increased in western countries, it is remarkably high in Japan. In this survey, isolates of approximately 85% was resistant to FQs. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details   Related Articles [In vitro susceptibilites to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 11,475 clinical isolates obtained from 52 centers in 2002] Feb 2005 Keizo Yamaguchi,Akira Ohno,Fusako Kashitani,Morihiro Iwata,Makoto Kanda,Yoshiko Tsujio,Norihiko Shimoyama,Hidetoshi Okujima,Minoru Ito,Hideaki Kawaguchi,Hitoshi Chiba,Koji Akizawa,Yosei Katayama,Kumiko Sugimoto,Hiromi Tashiro,Mitsuomi Kaimori,Akira Suwabe,Ritsuko Obata,Tatsuro Sugiyama,Shunkoh Toyoshima,Jun Kato,Mitsuo Kaku,Keiji Kanemitsu,Hiroyuki Kunishima,Jun Okada,Yoko Tazawa,Jun Igari,Toyoko Oguri,Kiyoaki Watanabe,Yoshio Kobayashi,Hiroshi Uchida,Kyoichi Totsuka,Shinichiro Kon,Katsuji Nakamura,Keiko Matsuda,Izumi Hayashi,Joji Shiotani,Joji Shiotani,Harushige Kanno,Akira Itoh,Midori Sumitomo,Takashi Uchida,Atushi Kawabata,Chikashi Oiwa,Masamitsu Iwata,Toshinobu Horii,Shiomi Ishigo,Taira Yoshimura,Satoshi Ichiyama,Yasunao Wada,Satoshi Kimura,Shigefumi Maesaki,Kouichi Itoh,Yasunobu Noda,Takanori Yamashita,Ikuo Yamaguchi,Fumio Kageyama,Etsuko Shaku,Hisashi Baba,Kazuhisa Inuzuka,Hidetoshi Okabe,Kenichi Tatewaki,Kunihiko Moro,Masanori Aihara,Toshiharu Matsushima,Yoshihito Niki,Masao Kuw Abara,Siro Ikawa,Mobuaki Tanaka,Yasuharu Hinoda,Tetsuro Sugiura,Mikio Kamioka,Junko Ono,Tohru Takata,Hideichi Makino,Mitsuharu Murase,Hisashi Miyamoto,Hisamichi Aizawa,Junichi Honda,Masahide Takii,Zenzo Nagasawa,Yosuke Aoki,Naotaka Hamazaki,Toshiharu Tsutsui,Keiichi Nakagawa,Morihiro Iwata,Kazufumi Hiramatsu,Tetsunori Saikawa,Nobuhisa Yamane,Hiroya Kimoto,Tomio Kotani,Takeshi Kageoka,Toshiharu Hongo,Junichi Masuda,Hiroaki Miyanohara,Masayuki Tsujimura,Minoru Yasujima,Izumi Hayashi The susceptibilities of bacteria to fluoroquinolones (FQs), especially levofloxacin, and other antimicrobial agents were investigated using 11,475 clinical isolates collected in Japan during 2002. Methicillin susceptible staphylococci, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella cat... ( view more )arrhalis, the family of Enterobactericeae, Haemophilus influenzae and Acinetobacter spp. exhibited stable and high susceptibilities to FQs. The rate of FQs-resistant MRSA was 80 approximately 90%, being markedly higher than that of FQs-resistant MSSA. The FQs-resistance rate of MRCNS was also higher than that of MSCNS, however, it was lower than that of MRSA. No FQs-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella spp. were detected in any of the surveys. Thirteen of Escherichai coli 696 isolates, 8 of Klebsiella pneumoniae 630 isolates and 33 of Proteus mirabilis 373 isolates produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), furthermore 6 of 13 in E. coli, 1 of 8 in K. pneumoniae and 14 of 31 ESBL-producing isolates, and in P. mirabilis were FQs resistant. Attention should be focused in the future on the emergence of ESBL in relation to FQs resistance. The rate of FQs-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) was 40 approximately 60%, while 15 approximately 25% of isolates from respiratory tract infection (RTI) were resistant. IMP-1 type metallo beta-lactamase producing organisms were found in 49 of P. aeruginosa 1,095 isolates, 7 of S. marcescens 586 isolates and 4 of Acinetobacter spp. 474 isolates, respectively. Glycopeptide-resistant enterococci or S. aureus was not found. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Tissue distribution after intravenous dosing of micafungin, an antifungal drug, to rats. Jul 2004 Toshiro Niwa,Yoshiko Yokota,Akira Tokunaga,Yasuhiro Yamato,Akira Kagayama,Tomoichi Fujiwara,Junko Hatakeyama,Masaharu Anezaki,Yuko Ohtsuka,Akira Takagi The tissue distribution after an intravenous dose of micafungin (1 mg/kg), a new echinocandin-like lipopeptide antifungal agent, to male rats was investigated. Micafungin in plasma disappeared biexponentially with a terminal half-life of 5.03 h. Micafungin concentrations in liver, kidney, and lung ... ( view more )at the first sampling time (5 min) after dosing were 1.15, 1.64, and 2.58-fold higher than the plasma concentration, and the AUC(0- infinity ) were 1.61, 3.42, and 2.89-fold higher than that for plasma. The terminal half-lives for these tissues were 5.14, 4.87, and 5.31 h, respectively, which were comparable to those for plasma. These results suggest that micafungin distributes rapidly and moderately into tissues such as the liver, kidney, and lungs, and that the concentrations in tissues decreased in parallel with the unchanged drug in plasma. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles High level activity of 2', 5'-oligoadenylate synthetase in dog serum. Jun 2004 Akira Iwata,Akira Yamamoto,Miyuki Fujino,Ichiro Sato,Tomoko Hosokawa-Kanai,Kotaro Tuchiya,Akira Ishihama,Yoshihiro Sokawa Most animal cells that are exposed to interferon (IFN) experience an increase in the activity of 2', 5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS), which is an important effector of IFN's antiviral action. OAS activity has been widely used in clinical chemistry as an indicator of IFN activity. In this study, ... ( view more )we found that OAS activity in canine serum is 46.0 +/- 40.4 nmol/dl/hr, which is 10- to 100-fold higher than in other animals such as the cat (1.9 +/- 2.1), rabbit (4.0 +/- 1.1), and guinea pig (0.3 +/- 0.6). The canine OAS protein was detected by Western blotting using a 68M-10 monoclonal anti-murine OAS antibody, and was found to be composed of at least three distinct molecular species of p40 class OAS. Among these, the 40 and 42 kDa components were determined to be the major species in serum and fibroblast cell lines, respectively. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Pulmonary vein dimensions and variation of branching pattern in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using magnetic resonance angiography. Jan 2004 Bonpei Takase,Masayoshi Nagata,Takemi Matsui,Teruyoshi Kihara,Akira Kameyama,Akira Hamabe,Kumiko Noya,Kimio Satomura,Masayuki Ishihara,Akira Kurita,Fumitaka Ohsuzu Pulmonary veins are the most frequent origin of focal and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Although radiofrequency ablation has been attempted for the treatment of focal and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, the anatomy of the pulmonary vein is still not fully understood. To investigate the dimensions... ( view more ) and anatomical variation of the pulmonary vein in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, we performed breath-hold gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography using a 1.5 T cardiac MR imager (GE CV/i) in 32 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (61 +/- 8 years old), 11 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (64 +/- 9 years old), and 26 patients with normal sinus rhythm (55 +/- 15 years old). Three dimensional images of the pulmonary veins were thus obtained, and the diameters of the most proximal portion of the left or right superior pulmonary vein and left or right inferior pulmonary vein were measured. Pulmonary vein branching variations were determined by a visual qualitative analysis by two separate readers' agreements, who were blinded to any clinical information. We focused on the existence of a complex-branching pattern draining into the orifice of four pulmonary veins. Patients with either paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or chronic atrial fibrillation showed larger superior pulmonary veins than those with normal sinus rhythm (mean +/- SD; in the left superior pulmonary vein, 20 +/- 3 mm, 23 +/- 3 mm vs 16 +/- 3 mm, P < 0.05; in right superior pulmonary vein, 19 +/- 4 mm, 19 +/- 2 mm vs 16 +/- 2 mm, P < 0.05). Complex-branching pattern was frequently observed in inferior pulmonary veins in patients with either paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or chronic atrial fibrillation; 25/32 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, 11/11 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation, compared to 7/26 patients with normal sinus rhythm. Complex-branching patterns were not observed in superior pulmonary veins in any patients in this cohort. CONCLUSION: In patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or chronic atrial fibrillation, significant pulmonary vein dilation occurred mainly in the superior pulmonary veins, while a complex-branching pattern was frequently observed in the inferior pulmonary veins. These MR angiographic findings might be useful when performing radiofrequency ablation procedures and catheter manipulation for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles [Activities of antimicrobial agents against 8,474 clinical isolates obtained from 37 medical institutions during 2000 in Japan] Oct 2003 Keizo Yamaguchi,Akira Ohno,Fusako Kashitani,Morihiro Iwata,Makoto Kanda,Yoshiko Tsujio,Tatsuro Sugiyama,Shunkoh Toyoshima,Jun Kato,Naoki Watanabe,Mitsuo Kaku,Keiji Kanemitsu,Hiroyuki Kunishima,Hideaki Kawaguchi,Jun Okada,Norihiko Shimoyama,Jun Igari,Toyoko Oguri,Mitsuomi Kaimori,Kiyoaki Watanabe,Yoshio Kobayashi,Hiroshi Uchida,Yosei Katayama,Kumiko Sugimoto,Hiromi Tashiro,Harushige Kanno,Minoru Yasujima,Kouichi Itoh,Akira Suwabe,Ritsuko Obata,Masahiko Okada,Sugako Kobayashi,Masayuki Tsuzimura,Akira Itoh,Midori Sumitomo,Tomohiko Taminato,Kiyoshi Negayama,Hisashi Baba,Hideichi Makino,Mitsuharu Murase,Hitoshi Miyamoto,Kazue Minakuchi,Shiomi Ishigo,Masahide Takii,Toshinobu Horii,Junko Ono,Tohru Takata,Kiyoharu Yamanaka,Naotaka Hamazaki,Toshiharu Tsutsui,Hidetoshi Okabe,Kenichi Tatewaki,Kunihiko Moro,Kazufumi Hiramatsu,Tetsunori Saikawa,Satoshi Ichiyama,Zenzou Nagasawa,Yousuke Aoki,Toshiharu Matsushima,Yoshihito Niki,Yoichi Hirakata,Sigeru Kohno,Masao Kuwabara,Keiichi Nakagawa,Takeshi Kageoka,Toshiharu Hongo,Nobuhisa Yamane A survey was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobial agents against 8,474 clinical isolates obtained from 37 Japanese medical institutions in 2000. A total of 25 antimicrobial agents were used, comprising 4 fluoroquinolones, 13 beta-lactams, min... ( view more )ocycline, chloramphenicol, clarithromycin, azithromycin, gentamicin, amikacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and vancomycin. A high resistance rate of over 85% against fluoroquinolones was exhibited by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecium. Isolates showing resistance to fluoroquinolones among methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from UTI accounted for 30-60%. However, many of the common pathogens were still susceptible to fluoroquinolones, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (including penicillin-resistant isolates), Streptococcus pyogenes, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Moraxella catarrhalis, the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant isolates). About 85% of P. aeruginosa isolated from RTI were susceptible to fluoroquinolones. In conclusion, this survey of sensitivity to antimicrobial agents clearly indicated trend for increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones among MRSA, Enterococci, and P. aeruginosa isolated from UTI, although fluoroquinolones are still effective against other organisms and P. aeruginosa from RTI as has been demonstrated in previous studies. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Secondary glaucoma in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. Mar 2003 Akira Kimura,Eiko Ando,Mikiko Fukushima,Takahisa Koga,Akira Hirata,Kazue Arimura,Yukio Ando,Akira Negi,Hidenobu Tanihara OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the clinical features and surgical outcomes of the treatment of secondary glaucoma associated with transthyretin (TTR)-related familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP). DESIGN: Retrospective case study. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-nine Japanese patients with FAP. METHODS: For all p... ( view more )atients, measurement of best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and visual fields as well as slitlamp and ocular fundus examinations were conducted and compared. In addition, the exact mutation of the amyloidogenic TTR variants was analyzed for all 49 patients with FAP. The TTR mutations included amyloidogenic TTR (ATTR) Val30Met in 41 patients, ATTR Tyr114Cys in 6, ATTR Ser50Ile in 1, and a compound heterozygous mutation of ATTR Val30Met + Arg104His in 1. RESULTS: The onset of secondary glaucoma was defined as elevation of intraocular pressure and glaucomatous changes in visual field defects. Secondary glaucoma was detected in 12 (24%) of the 49 patients. The incidence of secondary glaucoma in patients with the Val30Met mutation (17%) was lower than for the other FAP genotypes (P =.02 using the chi(2) test). Of 20 glaucomatous eyes, amyloid deposition on the pupil and anterior surface of the lens was found in 18 eyes. Amyloid deposition was found prior to glaucoma in 11 eyes and at the first visit to our clinic in another 7 eyes. In the 11 eyes in which the onset of glaucoma occurred following amyloid deposition along the pupil, the mean +/- SD period between the onsets of pupillary amyloid deposition and glaucoma was 2.55 +/- 1.43 years (range, 0.2-4.0 years). Further statistical analyses revealed significant relationships between the onset of secondary glaucoma and both amyloid deposition (P<.001) and vitreous opacity (P<.001). Surgical treatment was required in 15 (75%) of the 20 glaucomatous eyes. In 9 (81%) of the 11 eyes that underwent trabeculectomy, the intraocular pressure was well controlled at or lower than 20 mm Hg during the follow-up period. In the eyes that underwent combined trabeculotomy and sinusotomy (2 eyes), nonpenetrating trabeculectomy (1 eye), or a cyclodestructive procedure (1 eye), the intraocular pressure was poorly controlled. CONCLUSIONS: Glaucoma is not a rare condition in patients with FAP, especially because liver transplantation now enables patients with FAP to live longer. Careful observation of amyloid deposition along the pupil allows the prediction of glaucoma onset. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Vitreous opacities and outcome of vitreous surgery in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. Feb 2003 Takahisa Koga,Eiko Ando,Akira Hirata,Mikiko Fukushima,Akira Kimura,Yukio Ando,Akira Negi,Hidenobu Tanihara PURPOSE: To report the prevalence of vitreous opacities and the outcome of vitreous surgery in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP). DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: In 37 patients with FAP and the ATTR Val30 Met mutation, vitreous opacities were present in 14 eyes of ... ( view more )9 patients and vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation was performed in five eyes of three patients. In six patients with the ATTR Tyr114Cys mutation, vitreous opacities were present in both eyes of all six patients and vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation was performed in nine eyes of six patients. The mean follow-up period after vitreous surgery was 20.9 +/- 16.8 months (range, 3 to 52 months). RESULTS: The prevalence of vitreous opacities is much higher in patients with ATTR Tyr114Cys (100%) than in those with ATTR Val30 Met (24%). The mean age at the onset of vitreous opacities was significantly lower in the patients with ATTR Tyr114Cys (37.0 +/- 5.3 years) than in the nine patients with ATTR Val30 Met (52.8 +/- 9.1 years; P <.005). Visual acuity improved in all 14 eyes after vitreous surgery; however, final visual acuity decreased in one eye owing to the occurrence of a central retinal vein occlusion. Vitreous opacities mildly increased in two eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the ATTR Val30 Met and ATTR Tyr114Cys mutations induce different clinical features of vitreous opacities. Vitreous surgery combined with phacoemulsification and implantation of an intraocular lens is a safe and useful treatment. Careful long-term follow-up should be performed. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles A survey of psoriasis patients in Japan from 1982 to 2001. Feb 2003 Akira Kawada,Tadashi Tezuka,Yoshio Nakamizo,Hideto Kimura,Hidemi Nakagawa,Muneo Ohkido,Akira Ozawa,Akira Ohkawara,Hitoshi Kobayashi,Shotaro Harada,Atsuyuki Igarashi,Japanese Society for Psoriasis Research BACKGROUND: The Japanese Society for Psoriasis Research has conducted an annual survey of psoriasis patients in Japan from 1982 to 2001. OBJECTIVE: To perform the epidemiological study about a survey of psoriasis patients conducted in Japan for twenty years. METHODS: A sample of 28628 cases was col... ( view more )lected from 148 dermatology centers throughout Japan. The reports from each center were analyzed. RESULTS: Males (65.8%) were predominant over females (34.2%) in number. The vast majority of cases (86.0%) had plaque-form of psoriasis vulgaris, and 812 cases (2.8%) showed guttate psoriasis. Psoriatic erythroderma (0.8%), generalized pustular psoriasis (0.9%), and localized pustular psoriasis (0.5%) were rare. Three hundred of the patients (1.0%) manifested psoriatic arthritis. Local corticosteroids (67.8%) were the most used modalities, whereas local vitamin D(3) preparations (2.4%) were rarely used. For photo-therapeutic treatments, topical (12.1%) and systemic (7.5%) PUVA were predominant over UVB therapy (0.5%). In systemic treatments, drugs from the herbal medicine was the first (14.2%), followed by etretinate (7.6%), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (4.4%), oral corticosteroids (4.1%), methotrexate (2.8%), cyclosporine (1.6%), and anti-cancer drugs (1.4%). CONCLUSION: This survey was the first epidemiological study throughout Japan. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Expression in Escherichia coli and purification of the functional feline granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Dec 2002 Akira Yamamoto,Akira Iwata,Toshiki Saitoh,Kotaro Tuchiya,Tomoko Kanai,Hajime Tsujimoto,Atsuhiko Hasegawa,Akira Ishihama,Susumu Ueda Feline granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) with an N-terminal histidine hexamer tag was expressed as inclusion bodies in E. coli. The G-CSF solubilized in 6 M guanidine solution was absorbed onto a Ni-NTA column and, after washing with decreasing concentrations of guanidine, eluted with i... ( view more )midazole in a soluble and apparently pure form. The activity of the recombinant feline G-CSF was 3 x 10(6)U/mg protein, as assayed by its stimulatory effect on NFS-60 cell proliferation. When a low level of purified feline G-CSF was administered once a day for two successive days to cats, the number of neutrophil increased 4-fold while the levels of other blood cell types remained virtually unchanged. Daily administration of G-CSF for a total of 11 days led to a more than 10-fold increase in neutrophils, an 8-fold increase in the number of monocytes and 2-fold increase in lymphocytes. No severe side effects or antibody production was observed in cats after administration of G-CSF. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Systematic search for zinc-binding proteins in Escherichia coli. May 2002 Akira Katayama,Atsuko Tsujii,Akira Wada,Takeshi Nishino,Akira Ishihama A systematic search for Escherichia coli proteins with the zinc-binding activity was performed using the assay of radioactive Zn(II) binding to total E. coli proteins fractionated by two methods of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 30-40 radioactive spots were identified, of which 14 ... ( view more )have been assigned from N-terminal sequencing. In addition to five known zinc-binding proteins, nine zinc-binding proteins were newly identified including: acetate kinase (AckA), DnaK, serine hydroxymethyltransferase (GlyA), transketolase isozymes (TktA/TktB), translation elongation factor Ts (Tsf), ribosomal proteins L2 (RplB), L13 (RplM) and one of S15 (RpsO), S16 (RpsP) or S17 (RpsQ). Together with about 20 known zinc-binding proteins, the total number of zinc-binding proteins in E. coli increased up to more than 30 species (or more than 3% of about 1000 proteins expressed under laboratory culture conditions). The specificity and affinity of zinc-binding were analysed for some of the zinc-binding proteins. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Pancreaticobiliary maljunction in monozygotic twins--a case report. 2004 May-Jun Kenji Yamao,Yasuhiro Shimizu,Kazuhiko Ohashi,Akira Matsuura,Tsuneya Nakamura,Takashi Suzuki,Yoshihiro Watanabe,Akira Sawaki,Kinichi Takeda,Kazuo Hara,Akira Fukutomi,Kakuya Matsumoto We experienced a case of pancreaticobiliary maljunction in monozygotic twins. While one of the twins suffered from gallbladder cancer with poor prognosis, the other was not associated with biliary malignancy. Ultrasonography, endoscopic ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatograp... ( view more )hy are effective in diagnosis of this disorder before occurrence of biliary cancers. This case is not only of academic interest for familial occurrence, but also of clinical interest in the early detection of pancreaticobiliary maljunction. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles FKBP12.6 disruption impairs glucose-induced insulin secretion. Jul 11, 2008 Naoya Noguchi,Takeo Yoshikawa,Takayuki Ikeda,Iwao Takahashi,Nausheen Jamal Shervani,Akira Uruno,Akiyo Yamauchi,Koji Nata,Shin Takasawa,Hiroshi Okamoto,Akira Sugawara Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), accumulated in pancreatic beta-cells in response to elevated ATP levels after glucose stimulation, mobilizes Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum through the ryanodine receptor (RyR) and thereby induces insulin secretion. We have recently demonstrated in an in vitro stud... ( view more )y that cADPR activates RyR through binding to FK506-binding protein 12.6 (FKBP12.6), an accessory protein of RyR. Here we generated FKBP12.6-deficient (FKBP12.6(-/-)) mice by homologous recombination. FKBP12.6(-/-) mice showed glucose intolerance coupled to insufficient insulin secretion upon a glucose challenge. Insulin secretion in response to glucose was markedly impaired in FKBP12.6(-/-) islets, while sulfonylurea- or KCl-induced insulin secretion was unaffected. No difference was found in the glucose oxidation rate between FKBP12.6(-/-) and wild-type islets. These results indicate that FKBP12.6 plays a role in glucose-induced insulin secretion downstream of ATP production, independently of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels, in pancreatic beta-cells. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Metallothionein-3 is expressed in the brain and various peripheral organs of the rat. Jun 13, 2008 Isao Hozumi,Junko S Suzuki,Hiroaki Kanazawa,Akira Hara,Masanao Saio,Takashi Inuzuka,Shinichi Miyairi,Akira Naganuma,Chiharu Tohyama Metallothionein-3 (MT-3), also known as growth inhibitory factor (GIF), was originally identified in the brain. An essential step in elucidating the potential roles of MT-3 is to evaluate its expression levels in organs other than the brain. In this present study, we carried out RT-PCR, Western blo... ( view more )t and immunohistochemical analyses to quantify MT-3 mRNA and its protein in the cerebrum, eye, heart, kidney, liver, prostate, testis, tongue, and muscle in male Wistar rats. MT-3 mRNA was detected in the cerebrum, the dorsolateral lobe of the prostate, testis, and tongue. Using a monoclonal anti-MT-3 antibody, we detected MT-3 in the cerebrum, the dorsolateral lobe of the prostate, testis, and tongue as a single band on an immunoblot. Immunohistochemical staining showed MT-3 in some astrocytes in the deep cortex, ependymal cells, and choroidal cells in the cerebrum. MT-3 was also detected in some cells of the glomerulus and the collective tubules in the kidney, some cells in the glandular epithelium of the dorsolateral lobe of the prostate, some Sertoli cells and Lydig cells in the testis, and taste bud cells in the tongue. Although MT-3 immunopositivity was obviously demonstrated in the kidney by the immnunohistochemical method, the expression of MT-3 was not fully detectable by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Interestingly, only a subset of cells showed positivity for MT-3, not all cells in all tissues. The localization of MT-3 in peripheral organs outside the brain suggests that MT-3 has roles in these tissues besides its role in growth inhibition of neurites. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Insulin intervention in slowly progressive insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus. Jun 2008 Taro Maruyama,Shoichiro Tanaka,Akira Shimada,Osamu Funae,Akira Kasuga,Azuma Kanatsuka,Izumi Takei,Satoru Yamada,Norikazu Harii,Hiroki Shimura,Tetsuro Kobayashi Objective: We tested the hypothesis that insulin therapy rather than sulfonylurea (SU) treatment is preferable to reverse or preserve beta-cell function among patients with slowly progressive insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes (SPIDDM) or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Methods: This multice... ( view more )nter, randomized, nonblinded clinical study screened 4089 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients for glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADAb). Sixty GADAb-positive non-insulin-requiring diabetic patients with a 5-yr duration or shorter of diabetes were assigned to either the SU group (n = 30) or the insulin group (n = 30). Serum C-peptide responses to annual oral glucose tolerance tests were followed up for a mean of 57 months. The primary endpoint was an insulin-dependent state defined by the sum of serum C-peptide values during the oral glucose tolerance test (SigmaC-peptide) less than 4 ng/ml (1.32 nmol/liter). Results: The progression rate to an insulin-dependent state in the insulin group (three of 30, 10%) was lower than that in the SU group (13 of 30, 43%; P = 0.003, log-rank). Longitudinal analysis demonstrated that SigmaC-peptide values were better preserved in the insulin group than in the SU group. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that insulin treatment, a preserved C-peptide response, and a low GADAb titer at entry were independent factors in preventing progression to an insulin-dependent state. Subgroup analysis suggested that insulin intervention was highly effective for SPIDDM patients with high GADAb titers [>/=10 U/ml (180 World Health Organization U/ml)] and preserved beta-cell function [SigmaC-peptide >/= 10 ng/ml (3.31 nmol/liter)] at entry. No severe hypoglycemic episodes occurred during the study. Conclusions: Insulin intervention to preserve beta-cell function is effective and safe for patients with SPIDDM or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles A Novel Homozygous Missense Mutation of the Dual Oxidase 2 (DUOX2) Gene in an Adult Patient with Large Goiter. May 2008 Hidemi Ohye,Shuji Fukata,Akira Hishinuma,Takumi Kudo,Eijun Nishihara,Mitsuru Ito,Sumihisa Kubota,Nobuyuki Amino,Tamio Ieiri,Kanji Kuma,Akira Miyauchi Objective: To describe the first adult case of large goiter associated with a novel R1110Q mutation in the dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) gene. She was initially euthyroid, and developed hypothyroidism later in her forties. DUOX2 is an essential enzyme in iodine organification of thyroid hormone biosynthes... ( view more )is. Only infant cases of congenital hypothyroidism due to mutations of the DUOX2 gene have been reported. Biallelic mutation of DUOX2 is thought to lead to total iodine organification defect. Patients and Measurement: This 57-year-old woman became first aware of goiter around the age of 20 years. Since the goiter had enlarged gradually, she consulted us at the age of 32 years. Goiter was soft, and thyroid function was normal. Antithyroid antibodies were negative. Both physical and mental development was normal. Three of her nine siblings and her mother had large goiters. At the age of 44 years, thyroid function demonstrated subclinical hypothyroidism. She started to take levo-thyroxine at a dose of 100 mug/day to reduce goiter. At the age of 56 years, goiter size remained the same. The perchlorate discharge rate was 72.8%, suggesting partial iodine organification defect. Thus, thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene and DUOX2 gene were analyzed. Results: There was no mutation in the TPO gene, but a novel homozygous mutation (R1110Q) in the DUOX2 gene was identified. The same heterozygous mutation was detected in her two sons and two grandchildren. This mutation was not detected in 104 control alleles and was located at a site differing from any other reported mutations in the DUOX2 gene. Conclusions: This homozygous missense mutation can be associated with thyroid dysfunction and goiter formation of an enlarged thyroid gland. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Comprehensive analysis of FOXP3 mRNA expression in leukemia and transformed cell lines. Apr 2008 Mayuko Yamamoto,Kazue Tsuji-Takayama,Motoyuki Suzuki,Akira Harashima,Akira Sugimoto,Ryuichi Motoda,Fumiyuki Yamasaki,Shuji Nakamura,Masayoshi Kibata Studies of FOXP3 expression have thus far focused on T cells, including both normal and malignant T cells. In particular, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) cells have been studied intensively because their phenotype resembles that of normal CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells. However, a co... ( view more )mprehensive study of FOXP3 expression covering all hematopoietic cell lineages has not yet been performed. In this study, FOXP3 mRNA expression was examined by quantitative PCR using a large collection of human hematopoietic cell lines derived from leukemia/lymphoma or virus-transformation, including cells lines with T, B, plasmacytoid, myeloid, monocytic, megakaryocytic, erythroid, and NK lineages. Unexpectedly, we found FOXP3 mRNA expression in a number of cell lines belonging to all of the cell lineages investigated. In sharp contrast, FOXP3 protein expression was found in only three cell lines, all of which were HTLV-I-infected. Several non-T cell lines expressed higher levels of mRNA but were still negative for protein expression. The broad mRNA expression contrasts with the restricted protein expression of FOXP3 in human hematopoietic cell lines, suggesting that post-transcriptional control mechanisms may control FOXP3 protein expression. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Neurodegenerative central nervous system disease as late sequelae of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Report from the Japan LCH Study Group. Apr 2008 Shinsaku Imashuku,Yoko Shioda,Ryoji Kobayashi,Gaku Hosoi,Hisanori Fujino,Shiro Seto,Hisashi Wakita,Akira Oka,Nagisa Okazaki,Naoto Fujita,Toshinori Minato,Kenichi Koike,Yukiko Tsunematsu,Akira Morimoto,Japan LCH Study Group (JLSG) Clinical features, brain magnetic resonance imaging findings and EDSS scores of 11 patients with neurodegenerative central nervous system Langerhans cell histiocytosis were analyzed in Japan. All patients initially had multi-system-type Langerhans cell histiocytosis; 8 at 1-2 years of age and 3 at ... ( view more )a later age. Neurodegenerative central nervous system Langerhans cell histiocytosis disease developed after a median time interval of 3.9 years from initial diagnosis. With a median follow-up of 4.5 years, 6 patients showed progression of disease with an EDSS score >3. This study demonstrates the importance of early detection of neurodegenerative central nervous system Langerhans cell histiocytosis by brain magnetic resonance imaging, particularly in the follow-up of patients who developed multi-system-type Langerhans cell histiocytosis in early infancy. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles A genetic linkage map of the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus, Constructed with PCR-based and RFLP markers. Apr 2008 Samuel Adjei,Akira Sato,Takahiro Nagase,Kazumi Matsubara,Yoichi Matsuda,Takao Namikawa,Akira Ishikawa A genetic linkage map for Suncus murinus was previously constructed with 11 marker loci. In this study, we developed 172 new microsatellite and three RFLP markers, and re-constructed a new framework map by combining all markers. The new map comprises 42 markers that are distributed into 12 linkage ... ( view more )groups, two of which are assigned to chromosomes, and spans 403.5 cM with an average inter-marker distance of 13.5 cM. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Prediction of the incidence of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage from meteorological data. Mar 2008 Hiroshi Nakaguchi,Akira Matsuno,Akira Teraoka We analyzed the relationship between the incidence of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and various meteorological data (daily atmospheric air pressure, air temperature, precipitation, humidity, presence of typhoons, occurrence of the rainy season, wind velocity, and wind direction) for pa... ( view more )tients at Teraoka Memorial Hospital in Shin-ichi Town, Japan, from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2003. All data were analyzed by contingency table analysis and multivariate regression analysis. From January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2003, we identified high-risk ICH days as those days for which the preceding 3 days mean recorded air pressure of 1,015 hPa or more and then conducted a statistical comparison of the incidence of ICH on high-risk ICH days with that on the other days. Our subjects were 164 patients with ICH. The relative risk of high-risk ICH days is 1.46 (Fisher's exact test, p=0.04). Mann-Whitney's U-tests indicate ICH tends to occur on days with lower maximum air temperature. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that 3 incidences influence the occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage (p<0.01 each): (1) days associated with 4-day periods of mean air pressure in excess of 1,015 hPa; (2) days during which a typhoon was approaching; and (3) days with west or southwest wind . Detailed examination of meteorological data indicates a relationship with the incident rate of ICH. 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