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GST Primary GST Primary Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Im... Best Strategies for Health Care Quality Improvement - Diabetes Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibio... Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-b... Systematic review assessing the effect of ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Antibiotics Management Kathryn McDonald, Stanford-UCSF Evidence-based Practice Center, 117 Encina Commons, Stanford, CA 94305-6019, Kathy.mcdonald@stanford.edu Systematic review assessing the effect of quality improvement strategies on appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and appropriate choice of antibiotics. Adherence Adherence Assistive Devices Assistive Devices Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan Childhood Burn Hanson MacMillan CLSA_9 CLSA_9 Cyberabuse Cyberabuse Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent ... This review included randomized trials abo... Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Violent Men who Batter Their Partners This review included randomized trials about the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on domestic violence. The intervention included programs based on the Duluth Model. The violence had to be committed by a male toward his female partner. The violence also had to be physical. The primary outcomes were new arrests and convictions, and new reports of violence. CABG vs PCI CABG vs PCI Quality Improvement Strategies for Prevent... Quality Improvement Strategies for Preventing Nosocomial Infections (Created 17-Feb-06) Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma ... Quality Improvement Strategies for Asthma Control Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Erectile Dysfunction (Created 30-Jan-06) Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce S... This review was the first part of a projec... Inequality - Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the first part of a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of smoking cessation interventions on reducing socio-economic differences. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio... This review was the second part in a proje... Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences This review was the second part in a project about inequality. It included randomized trials about the effect of interventions on reducing socio-economic differences in diet and physical activity. The studies had to report data either on persons with low socio-economic groups status or, preferably, on both low and high socio-economic groups. Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the d... Workfare The data in SRS are not identical to the data in the published report. We used SRS only for an updated search. The review included randomized trials about the effect of welfare-to-work programs. Participants were welfare recipients. There were basically two types of programs. The educational type tried to build knowledge and skills in order to help the welfare recipients acquire jobs that could support them economically. The "work first" approach was more aimed at getting the participants quickly into a job. Exercise interventions for the management ... The objective of this systematic review wa... Exercise interventions for the management of frailty The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of current exercise interventions on the management of frailty. A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, Cinahl, Scopus, Ageline, Eric, and SportDiscus databases was conducted and produced 1808 citations. So far we have completed 2 levels of “title and abstract” screening and we ended up with 262 articles. We have just started the full text screening. Eligibility criteria included original studies whose participants were identified as frail or prefrail with specific criteria and in which structured physical activity was included as at least one component of the intervention. Create a free account, build a dictionary with saved terms to re-use later! Public Domestic Violence - Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy Smoking Cessation to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Diet and Physical Activity to Reduce Socio-Economic Differences Workfare Exercise Interventions for the Management of Frailty Search     Simple Advanced Refine (4 coded questions)  Any of these:   Exact Phrase: All of these: None of these: Author: Periodical: Projects: No restrictions   Libraries: Public   Select SRS Projects Show Saved Terms Select Library Show articles that do not have abstracts  Humans or Animals Humans Animals Type of Article Clinical Trial Editorial Letter Meta-Analysis Practice Guideline Randomized Controlled Trial Review Addresses Bibliography Biography Case Reports Classical Article Clinical Conference Clinical Trial, Phase I Clinical Trial, Phase II Clinical Trial, Phase III Clinical Trial, Phase IV Comment Comparative Study Consensus Development Conference Consensus Development Conference, NIH Controlled Clinical Trial Corrected and Republished Article Dictionary Directory Duplicate Publication English Abstract Evaluation Studies Festschrift Government Publications Guideline Historical Article Interview In Vitro Journal Article Lectures Legal Cases Legislation Multicenter Study News Newspaper Article Overall Patient Education Handout Periodical Index Published Erratum Retracted Publication Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 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Retraction of Publication Scientific Integrity Review Support of Research Technical Report Twin Study Validation Studies Not a Primary Study or Review Unknown Primary Study Case Series Case Control Cohort Study Observational Study Qualitative Research CBA or ITS Registry Double Blind Controlled before after study Quasi-randomized trial Simple before after study Cluster-RCT Non-Randomized Study Report Book Book chapter Dissertation Conference procedings Secondary Research Not RCT Ages All Infant: birth-23 months All Child: 0-18 years All Adult: 19+ years Newborn: birth-1 month Infant: 1-23 months Preschool Child: 2-5 years Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Middle Aged + Aged: 45+ years Aged: 65+ years 80 and over: 80+ years Undetermined Language English French German Italian Japanese Russian Spanish Afrikaans Albanian Unknown Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Bosnian Bulgarian Catalan Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Esperanto Estonian Finnish Georgian Greek, Modern Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Kinyarwanda Korean Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Malay Malayalam Maori Multiple Languages Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Pushto Romanian Sanskrit Scottish gaelic Serbian Slovak Slovenian Swedish Thai Turkish Ukrainian Vietnamese Not English Not French Results(1-25 of 1,441) Sort By: Publication Date Relevance Took: 2.358 seconds to search 17,750,454  Action: Copy Results to new Clipboard Build Search Link Page 1 of 58 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (1441 articles found) High prevalence of previous antiplatelet drug use in patients with new or recurrent ischemic stroke: Buffalo metropolitan area and Erie County stroke study. Apr 2006 Adnan I Qureshi,Jawad F Kirmani,Adnan Safdar,Shafiuddin Ahmed,Muhammad A Sayed,Ravi U Pande,Richard Ferguson,Linda A Hershey,Khalid J Qazi STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of patients in a large metropolitan population who developed ischemic stroke despite having received antiplatelet drug therapy, and their associated characteristics and in-hospital outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Eleven h... ( view more )ospitals in western New York State. PATIENTS: One thousand five hundred eighty-two patients with new or recurrent ischemic stroke who were admitted to one of the 11 study hospitals between January 1 and December 31, 2000, and for whom data were available regarding previous drug therapy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The proportion of patients taking antiplatelet drugs before the onset of stroke was determined. Demographic and clinical characteristics, stroke subtypes, in-hospital bleeding complications, mortality, and discharge drugs were compared between patients with and those without previous antiplatelet drug use. Previous use of antiplatelet drugs was observed in 642 (41%) of the 1582 patients admitted with ischemic stroke. The antiplatelet drugs were aspirin alone (494 patients), clopidogrel alone (70), aspirin and clopidogrel (36), aspirin in combination with other antiplatelet drugs (20), and others (22). Patients with previous use of antiplatelet drugs were older and more likely to have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and a history of cardiovascular disease. The proportion of patients with large-vessel disease was greater among patients with previous use of antiplatelet drugs. Patients with previous use of antiplatelet drugs were more likely to be discharged with aspirin, clopidogrel, and an aspirin-dipyridamole combination. CONCLUSION: The relatively high proportion of patients who developed ischemic stroke despite taking antiplatelet drugs observed in this regional hospital-based study mandates clinical trials specifically addressing therapeutic intervention for this group of patients. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles A 70-year-old woman with poor grade subarachnoid hemorrhage complicated by carotid stenosis, cerebral vasospasm, and cerebral rebleed. 2005 Nazli Janjua,Adnan I Qureshi,Adnan Qureshi,Jawad F Kirmani,Giuseppe Lanzino,Gene Sung,Jose I Suarez,Ali Ebrahimi,Afshin A Divani,Afshin Divani INTRODUCTION: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is one of the most common entities encountered in neurocritical care units. Knowledge of disease sequelae and their management is paramount for all neurointensivists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study relates the case of a 70-year-old woman with poor grade suba... ( view more )rachnoid hemorrhage who underwent endovascular detachable coil embolization of a right internal carotid artery aneurysm. Her hospital course was subsequently complicated by symptomatic carotid stenosis and cerebral vasospasm requiring intervention. DISCUSSION: The discussants present their views regarding five main questions pertaining to management of the patient regarding the choice of endovascular versus surgical aneurysm occlusion, stent-supported angioplasty in a patient with a recent subarachnoid hemorrhage, and treatment options for vasospasm. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Buffalo metropolitan area and Erie County stroke study: rationale, design, and methods. 2004 Nov-Dec Adnan I Qureshi,Jawad F Kirmani,Muhammad A Sayed,Amir M Siddiqui,Adnan Safdar,Ravi U Pande,Shafiuddin Ahmed,Richard Ferguson,Linda A Hershey,Khalid J Qazi OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to define the incidence, disability, and death associated with stroke in the Buffalo metropolitan area and Erie County. This area has the highest stroke rate in New York State and therefore represents an ideal site to develop a successful model fo... ( view more )r prevention and management of stroke. DESIGN: A cross-sectional design to study all new and recurrent strokes that occurred in the calendar year 2000 in the geographical location of Buffalo metropolitan area and Erie County. PATIENTS AND DATA COLLECTED: A retrospective review of an estimated 5,000 patients with new stroke will be performed at regional hospitals and the coroner's office to determine the stroke subtypes, cerebrovascular risk factors, diagnostic investigations, treatment provided, and outcome. The total population residing in Buffalo in the year 2000 is available through the recent census. The study will also evaluate the quality of care provided for stroke patients including effectiveness of primary and secondary stroke prevention measures within this geographical region. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that this information will assist in allocation of resources and implementation of steps to improve stroke prevention and treatment. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Ab initio Hartree-Fock and density functional theory study on molecular structures, energies, and vibrational frequencies of conformations of 2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine and 3-hydroxy-2-nitropyridine. Aug 2008 Fatih Ucun,Vesile Güçlü,Adnan Sa?lam The optimized molecular structures, vibrational frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of conformations of 2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine and 3-hydroxy-2-nitropyridine molecules have been investigated using ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (B3LYP) methods with 6-3... ( view more )11++G(d,p) basis set. The comparison of the experimental and calculated spectra of the molecules have shown that they exist in two conformations with the two OH bond angles (110 degrees and 250 degrees ) respective to the CO bond in the ground state and their energy curves having two minimums have been drawn. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Biweekly administration of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with anthracycline and taxane-pretreated metastatic breast cancer. Aug 2008 Faruk Tas,Nese Guney,Duygu Derin,Hakan Camlica,Adnan Aydiner,Erkan Topuz Gemcitabine and cisplatin are the active agents in metastatic breast cancer pretreated with anthracycline and/or taxane as a second line treatment. The present study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of this regimen given biweekly schedule in these patients. Twenty-seven women, median ... ( view more )age 57, with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with anthracycline and taxane were eligible for enrollment. Gemcitabine was administered intravenously on days 1 and 15 at a dose of 2,000 mg/m(2) and Cisplatin was given intravenously on day 1 and 15 at a dose of 50 mg/m(2). Treatment cycles were repeated on an outpatient basis every 28 days. Of all 27 evaluable patients, the overall response rate was 26% (7 of 27; 95% CI: 11-46%) with seven all partial responses. The stable diseases were found in 9 (33%) patients. At the time of last follow-up, 11 (41%) of the patients died of their disease progression. The median overall survival duration was 7.4 +/- 2.8 months. The 1-year overall survival rate was 46.9% +/- 12.3. Hematological toxicity was not found as the principal dose-limiting toxicity. Severe (grade III/IV) neutropenia was observed only one (4%) patients. No patient was complicated by febrile neutropenia and G-CSF usage was not performed. Grade III and IV anemia were seen in only 4 (15%) and thrombocytopenia was noted only one (4%) patients. Severe hepatic (n = 2) and renal toxicity (n = 1) were observed and these all recovered completely without complication. Several other severe non-hematological side effects were managed easily. Permanent dose reductions were necessary in 9 (33%) patients and chemotherapy administration was also delayed in 7 (26%) patients because of delayed both hematological and non-hematological toxicity recovery. Treatment was discontinued in one (4%) patient due to severe fatigue and deteriorating performance status. In conclusion, gemcitabine and cisplatin combination therapy with this biweekly schedule and dosage is moderately active and extremely safe in patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with anthracycline and taxanes. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Hormone receptor-related gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in North Indian population. Jul 2008 Khadijeh Onsory,R C Sobti,Adnan Issa Al-Badran,Masatoshi Watanabe,Taizo Shiraishi,Awtar Krishan,Harsh Mohan,Pushpinder Kaur The purpose of this study was to analyse the frequency and type of mutations in the coding region of androgen receptor (AR) and to determine the role of polymorphisms in the intron 1 of ERalpha, exon 5 of ERbeta, intron 7 of progesterone, exon 7 of the aromatase (CYP19) and exon 9 of VDR genes in t... ( view more )he risk of prostate cancer. PCR-RFLP analysis of all above the genes was on 100 prostate cancer patients and an equal number of matching controls. The study also included PCR-SSCP analyses of exons 2-8 of AR gene. The genotype containing -/- allele of ERalpha gene was statistically significant for the risk of prostate cancer pose (OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.08-6.70, P = 0.032) Rr genotype of ERbeta gene also have a higher risk (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.52-5.23) for prostate cancer. The Cys allele of CYP19 gene was also associated with statistically significant increased risk of prostate cancer (OR; 2.28, 95% CI, 1.20-4.35, P = 0.012). tt genotype of codon 352 of VDR gene showed an OR of 0.43 for (95% CI, 0.13-1.39) and an OR for Tt genotype was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.36-1.16). Taken together, the results showed that in North Indian population, ERalpha and CYP19 genes may be playing a role in the risk of prostate cancer. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Temporary pacing wire in the coronary sinus: a novel treatment of acute heart failure? Jul 2008 Faizel Osman,Karim Ratib,Suresh Krishnamoorthy,Adnan Nadir,John Creamer,Adrian Morley-Davies Treatment of acute heart failure relies initially on medical therapy. Patients can be considered for cardiac resynchronization therapy once they are able to lie flat for several hours. However, placement of a temporary pacing wire (TPW) into the coronary sinus may allow the patient to receive resyn... ( view more )chronization therapy in the acute phase. We report a case of a patient who had a dramatic improvement of symptoms and blood pressure after a TPW was placed in the coronary sinus. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Dimensions of respiratory symptoms in preschool children: population-based birth cohort study. Jun 15, 2008 Jaclyn A Smith,Richard Drake,Angela Simpson,Ashley Woodcock,Andrew Pickles,Adnan Custovic RATIONALE: A focus on distinctive collections of symptoms may be more informative of the probability of respiratory disease than individual and possibly transient phenotypes. However, such collections or components of overall symptomatology need to be valid, and their relationship established with ... ( view more )the known risk factors and physiologic measures. OBJECTIVES: To analyze detailed parentally reported respiratory symptoms by principal components analysis and derive symptom components; to examine the relationship of such components with measures of lung physiology and atopy. METHODS: An unselected, population-based birth cohort (n = 946). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Interviewer-administered questionnaires, lung function (specific airway resistance [sRaw]), airway reactivity (dry air challenge), and atopic status were obtained at ages 3 and 5 years; principal components analysis and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. The four-component solution (wheeze, cough, colds, chronic symptoms) explained 53.2% of the variance in symptoms at age 3, and the five-component solution (wheeze, wheeze with irritants, wheeze with allergens, cough, chest congestion) explained 49.8% of variance at age 5. The multivariate analysis revealed novel relationships between symptoms, risk factors for asthma, and measures of lung function. At age 3, sRaw and the interaction between maternal asthma and child's atopy were not only related to wheeze but also independently to the cough component. At age 5, overall wheeze and allergic wheeze were related to lung function and airway reactivity; child's atopy was only related to symptoms when considered as a continuous trait. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis supports the need to move beyond the presence or absence of individual symptoms. Syndromes of coexisting symptoms more likely reflect underlying pathophysiologic processes. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Outcome of 2 different types of operative techniques practiced for chronic subdural hematoma in Malaysia: an analysis. Jun 2008 Adam Mohd Zakaraia,Johari Siregar Adnan,Mohamad Saffari Mohamad Haspani,Nyi Nyi Naing,Jafri Malin Abdullah BACKGROUND: Traumatic chronic subdural hematomas in Malaysia are increasingly common in young patients after road traffic accidents as well as the elderly who fall at home. Most surgeons in this country manage these pathologies without irrigation, with only a drainage system. This has led to critic... ( view more )ism that the recurrence rate might be higher when no irrigation is done and that rates are lower with irrigation and drainage. Thus, a study was done to look into the outcome of TCSH operated with and without irrigation, followed by drainage, to guide the surgeons in Malaysia as to what best could be done for these cases. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2 surgical treatments: burr hole drainage with irrigation and without irrigation based on the internal architecture of chronic subdural hematomas based on CT of the brain and their outcome in relation to their clinical parameters. RESULTS: A total of 42 patients treated with the burr hole craniotomy without irrigation with drainage were compared to 40 patients with irrigation and drainage. In both groups, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that good clinical outcome was associated with preoperative Markwalder grade and the presence of postoperative hematoma recurrence. There was no difference in good outcome between the 2 operative methods. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between these 2 operative techniques in relation to outcomes whether good or bad. The recurrence rate was 12.2%. When either technique is done properly, no difference to the outcome is seen. Neurosurgeons or general surgeons in Southeast Asia may choose not to irrigate the chronic subdural space, although drainage placement is necessary afterwards. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Synthesis of Bis(amino alcohol)oxalamides and Their Usage for the Preconcentration of Trace Metals by Cloud Point Extraction. Jun 2008 Ersin Kilinc,Adnan Cetin,Mahmut Togrul,Halil Hosgoren C(2)-Symmetric two bis(amino alcohol)oxalamides (diamidediols) were synthesized and fully characterized. A new method was developed and successfully applied for the simultaneous preconcentration of both trace and toxic metals in water, by using C(2)-symmetric compounds. Under the optimum experiment... ( view more )al conditions (i.e. pH = 10.0 +/- 0.2, 2.75 x 10(-3) mol L(-1) N,N'-bis[(1R)-1-ethyl-2-hydroxyethyl]ethanediamide (DAD1), 1.75 x 10(-3) mol L(-1) N,N'-bis[(1S)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxyethyl]-ethanediamide (DAD2), 0.10% w/v octylphenoxy-polyethoxyethanol (Triton X-114)), calibration graphs were linear in the range of 2.5 - 25.0 ng mL(-1) for Cu and Cd, 5.0 - 25.0 ng mL(-1) for Co and Ni. The enrichment factors were 18, 23, 18 and 20 for Cd, Cu, Co and Ni in the case of DAD1, respectively; 20, 22, 17 and 20 for Cd, Cu, Co and Ni in the case of DAD2. The limits of detection for DAD1 were found to be 0.45, 0.50, 1.25 and 0.60 ng mL(-1) for Cd, Cu, Co and Ni, respectively, and for DAD2 were found to be 0.44, 0.25, 0.60 and 1.55 ng mL(-1) for Cd, Cu, Co and Ni, respectively. The developed method was applied to the determination of Cu, Cd, Co and Ni in water samples and certified reference materials with satisfactory results. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Trace element levels in hashimoto thyroiditis patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Jun 2008 Muhammed Erdal,Mustafa Sahin,Adnan Hasimi,Gökhan Uckaya,Mustafa Kutlu,Kenan Saglam The present study was conducted to evaluate the serum copper, zinc, magnesium, and selenium levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism in the iodine-rich region of Ankara, Turkey. The effects of hormone replacement therapy on these elements were also studied in these patients. Basal levels ... ( view more )of selenium and iron in patients were significantly lower than control group (67.7 +/- 10.4 vs. 83.7 +/- 17.3 mug/dl, p = 0.02; 55.7 +/- 38 vs 275.7 +/- 24, P = 0.03 mug/dl). Serum magnesium levels were significantly higher in patient group (2.16 +/- 0.31 vs 1.95 +/- 0.13 mg/dl, P < 0.0001). There was a correlation between selenium levels with hsCRP (r = -0.408, p = 0.007). HsCRP levels in patients with selenium levels <80 mug/l (n = 31) was significantly higher than hsCRP levels in patients with selenium levels >80 mug/l (n = 12; 1.99 +/- 1.0; 1.02 +/- 0.9, p = 0.014). None of these biochemical risk factors and trace elements have changed after euthyroidism in patients with SH when compared to pretreatment levels. Selenium deficiency may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk in these patients. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Mirtazapine augmentation in depressed patients with sexual dysfunction due to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Jun 2008 Nahit Kamil Ozmenler,Tunay Karlidere,Ali Bozkurt,Sinan Yetkin,Ali Doruk,Levent Sutcigil,Adnan Cansever,Ozcan Uzun,Fuat Ozgen,Aytekin Ozsahin OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of mirtazapine augmentation in patients with sexual dysfunction induced by current selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment. METHODS: Forty-nine outpatients in remission from major depressive disorder with SSRI treatment and experiencing treatment-em... ( view more )ergent sexual dysfunction were invited to participate and 33 (25 women and 8 men) were included in this 8-week open-label study. All patients continued her/his current SSRI treatment (dosages unchanged) and started on mirtazapine augmentation of 15 mg/day during the first week and 30 mg/day throughout the rest of the study. The Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D), the psychotropic-related sexual dysfunction questionnaire (PRSexDQ), and the Golombok and Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) were given to all patients at baseline and at each follow-up (end of the first, second, fourth, sixth, and eight weeks). RESULTS: Mirtazapine augmentation led to significant reductions in HAM-D, PRSexDQ, and GRISS scores throughout the study especially after week 4 and 48.5% of patients (n = 16) reported that they had no overall sexual dysfunction at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Mirtazapine augmentation is a good choice for the treatment of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction, and the results are typically seen later after 4-8 weeks. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Increased Oxidant Stress and Decreased Antioxidant Status in Erythrocytes of Rats Fed with Zinc-deficient Diet. Jun 2008 Seyithan Taysi,Oztekin Cikman,Abdullah Kaya,Berna Demircan,Kenan Gumustekin,Adnan Yilmaz,Abdullah Boyuk,Mustafa Keles,Mehmet Akyuz,Mehmet Turkeli The aim of this study was to evaluate the lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO), and free radical scavenging enzyme activities in erythrocytes of zinc (Zn)-deficient rats and to investigate the relationship among these parameters in either group. Sixteen male rats with a weight of 40-50 g were used... ( view more ) for the experiment. The rats were divided into control (n = 8) and Zn-deficient groups. At the end of the experiment, the animals were anesthetized with ketamine-HCl (Ketalar, 20 mg/kg(-1), i.p.), and the blood was collected by cardiac puncture after thoracotomy. Blood samples were collected in vacutainer tubes without and with K(3)-EDTA as anticoagulant. Erythrocyte catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GRD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, total (enzymatic plus nonenzymatic) superoxide scavenger activity (TSSA), nonenzymatic superoxide scavenger activity (NSSA), antioxidant potential (AOP), and serum zinc (Zn) values in the Zn-deficient group were significantly lower than those of the control group, whereas NO and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher than those of the control group. The results show that Zn deficiency causes a decrease in antioxidant defense system and an increase in oxidative stress in erythrocyte of rats. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Impact of bivalirudin or unfractionated heparin on platelet aggregation in patients pretreated with 600 mg clopidogrel undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. Jun 2008 Dirk Sibbing,Gabriele Busch,Siegmund Braun,Stefan Jawansky,Albert Schömig,Adnan Kastrati,Ilka Ott,Nicolas von Beckerath AIMS: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of bivalirudin or unfractionated heparin (UFH) on platelet aggregation in patients, pretreated with a 600 mg loading dose clopidogrel, undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients (n = 100) were recr... ( view more )uited consecutively in the setting of a double-blind, randomized trial. Bivalirudin or UFH was administered during PCI. Blood was drawn immediately before PCI, following administration of bivalirudin or UFH directly after PCI, and 24 h after PCI. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation was assessed with light transmission aggregometry (LTA) and multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA). Before PCI, ADP-induced platelet aggregation was similar in UFH and bivalirudin patients (P = 0.99 for LTA; P = 0.28 for MEA). Administration of bivalirudin during PCI resulted in significant additional suppression of platelet aggregation (P = 0.012 for LTA; P = 0.008 for MEA). Administration of UFH did not have a significant influence on platelet aggregation (P = 0.42 for LTA; P = 0.78 for MEA). Platelet aggregation was again similar in the two groups 24 h after PCI (P > 0.05 for LTA and MEA). CONCLUSION: Bivalirudin, given during PCI in patients pretreated with 600 mg of clopidogrel, is in contrast to UFH associated with further inhibition of platelet aggregation. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Synthesis, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of Some New 3H-Quinazolin-4-one Derivatives. Jun 2008 Ahmed M Alafeefy,Adnan A Kadi,Adel S El-Azab,Sami G Abdel-Hamide,Mohamad-Hesham Y Daba In this study, we have synthesized a series of 3H-quinazolin-4-ones in order to obtain new compounds with potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. Some... ( view more ) compounds were evaluated for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities by writhing and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema tests, respectively. In comparison to the standard drug indomethacine, compounds 4, 6c, 12-14, 16, 18, 19, and 22 induced significant reduction in the writhing response while compounds 6c, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 22 produced a good dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. The best dual analgesic / anti-inflammatory relative activity was observed with compounds 6c, 14, 16, 18, and 22. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Sensorineural hearing loss after radiotherapy for head and neck tumors: a prospective study of the effect of radiation. Jun 2008 Yavuz Fuat Yilmaz,F Ilknur Aytas,Ozgur Akdogan,Kamran Sari,Zuleyha Gorgu Savas,Ali Titiz,Mubeccel Tumoz,Adnan Unal INTRODUCTION: In the treatment of head and neck cancers, the cochlea may be damaged if it is within the radiotherapy (RT) area; however, the severity and mechanism of such damage have yet to be clearly defined. The purpose of this study was to analyze the rates of early- and late-stage sensorineura... ( view more )l hearing loss (SNHL) in patients receiving RT due to head and neck cancer and to investigate the reliability of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) measurements and audiometric evaluation. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective. METHOD: The study included 38 ears of 19 patients scheduled for RT due to head and neck cancer diagnoses. The patients received RT at a fractioned dose of 200 cGy (5 d/wk) and were evaluated pretreatment and posttreatment (1st and 12th mo), both audiometrically and with DPOAE measurement. Any decrease greater than 10 dB was considered SNHL. The amplitudes of DPOAE measurements were statistically compared. RESULTS: The audiometric evaluation performed in the 1st posttreatment month showed no SNHL in any of the patients, whereas in the 12th month, 47% of the ears had SNHL. In all the patients that developed SNHL, the amplitudes obtained in DPOAE measurements in the first posttreatment month were statistically significantly lower. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study show that DPOAE measurement is a reliable method for determining which patients are at risk of developing SNHL in the early post-RT period. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Patient doses in radiographic examinations in 12 countries in Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe: initial results from IAEA projects. Jun 2008 Wilbroad E Muhogora,Nada A Ahmed,Aziz Almosabihi,Jamila S Alsuwaidi,Adnan Beganovic,Olivera Ciraj-Bjelac,Francois K Kabuya,Anchali Krisanachinda,Milomir Milakovic,Godfrey Mukwada,Marie J Ramanandraibe,Madan M Rehani,Jalil Rouzitalab,Cyril Shandorf OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to survey image quality and the entrance surface air kerma for patients in radiographic examinations and to perform comparisons with diagnostic reference levels. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this multinational prospective study, image quality and patient radiati... ( view more )on doses were surveyed in 12 countries in Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe, covering 45 hospitals. The rate of unsatisfactory images and image quality grade were noted, and causes for poor image quality were investigated. The entrance surface doses for adult patients were determined in terms of the entrance surface air kerma on the basis of X-ray tube output measurements and X-ray exposure parameters. Comparison of dose levels with diagnostic reference levels was performed. RESULTS: The fraction of images rated as poor was as high as 53%. The image quality improved up to 16 percentage points in Africa, 13 in Asia, and 22 in Eastern Europe after implementation of a quality control (QC) program. Patient doses varied by a factor of up to 88, although the majority of doses were below diagnostic reference levels. The mean entrance surface air kerma values in mGy were 0.33 (chest, posteroanterior), 4.07 (lumbar spine, anteroposterior), 8.53 (lumbar spine, lateral), 3.64 (abdomen, anteroposterior), 3.68 (pelvis, anteroposterior), and 2.41 (skull, anteroposterior). Patient doses were found to be similar to doses in developed countries and patient dose reductions ranging from 1.4% to 85% were achieved. CONCLUSION: Poor image quality constitutes a major source of unnecessary radiation to patients in developing countries. Comparison with other surveys indicates that patient dose levels in these countries are not higher than those in developed countries. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Mechanisms of macrolide resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Russia. Jun 2008 Ralf R Reinert,Olga Y Filimonova,Adnan Al-Lahham,Svetlana A Grudinina,Elena N Ilina,Linda M Weigel,Sergey V Sidorenko Among 76 macrolide-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates collected between 2003 and 2005 from Central Russia, the resistance mechanisms detected in the isolates included erm(B) alone (50%), mef alone [mef(E), mef(I), or a different mef subclass; 19.7%], or both erm(B) and mef(E) (30.3%).... ( view more ) Isolates with dual resistance genes [erm(B) and mef(E)] belonged to clonal complex CC81 or CC271. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Outcome of pediatric liver transplant in grafts with multiple arteries. Jun 2008 Mehmet Haberal,Sinasi Sevmis,Hamdi Karakayali,Gokhan Moray,Figen Ozcay,Adnan Torgay,Gulnaz Arslan Young age, small diameter of the hepatic artery, presence of multiple arteries, and the selected technique are risk factors for hepatic arterial complications. We report the outcomes of pediatric liver transplant (LT) patients who had received a liver graft with multiple arteries. Since April 2001,... ( view more ) 89 pediatric LTs have been performed at our center. Twenty-six liver grafts (29.2%) that had multiple hepatic arteries were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-five grafts had 2, and 1 graft had 3, hepatic arteries. In 17 grafts with double arteries, and in 1 graft with 3 arteries, the adjacent edges of the hepatic arteries were sutured together at the back table to create a single opening, and the recipient's common hepatic artery was then anastomosed to that orifice. In 8 grafts with double arteries, 2 separate anastomoses were performed between the graft hepatic arteries and the recipient's hepatic artery branches. The mean age of the recipients was 7.9 +/- 5.4 years (range, 0.6-17 years). During the early postoperative period, hepatic arterial thromboses occurred in 3 recipients. Two of these 3 recipients were treated with transcatheter arterial thrombolysis using streptokinase or recombinant plasminogen and intraluminal stent placement, and the remaining recipient was treated with a re-anastomosis using a polytetrafluoroethylene graft. Three recipients died during follow-up, which ranged from 1 to 71 months. In conclusion, multiple graft arteries did not increase the incidence of hepatic arterial complications in our series. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Effect of citric acid and EDTA on chromium and nickel uptake and translocation by Datura innoxia. Jun 2008 Liliane Jean,François Bordas,Cécile Gautier-Moussard,Philippe Vernay,Adnane Hitmi,Jean-Claude Bollinger EDTA and citric acid were tested to solubilize metals and enhance their uptake by Datura innoxia, chosen because of its ability to accumulate and tolerate metals. Two application modes were used on an industrial soil contaminated mainly by Cr and Ni. The results showed that citric acid was the most... ( view more ) effective at increasing the uptake of Cr and EDTA for Ni. These results are consistent with the effectiveness of both chelants in solubilizing metals from the soil. The translocation factor (TF) of Ni was 1.6- and 6.7-fold higher than the control, respectively, for one and two applications of 1mmolkg(-1) EDTA. After two applications of 5 and 10mmolkg(-1) citric acid, the TF of Cr increased 2- and 3.5-fold relative to the control. Whatever the concentration, the application of EDTA modified the plant physiology significantly. For citric acid this was only observed with the highest dose (10mmolkg(-1)). ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Fertility drugs and risk of ovarian cancer: dispelling the myth. Jun 2008 Tony G Zreik,Chakib M Ayoub,Antoine Hannoun,Cynthia J Karam,Adnan R Munkarah PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Worldwide 50-80 million people suffer from infertility. Assisted reproductive technology has provided a way of overcoming infertility and childlessness.The current article will focus on data linking infertility and its treatment to ovarian cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: Ovarian cancer ... ( view more )risks associated with fertility drug treatment are encouraging, but not decisive. In view of the limited ability to evaluate drug effects on borderline tumors, given their rare occurrence, studies involving patient reports of prior drug exposures have noted an elevated risk of borderline tumors associated with fertility drugs. Nevertheless, the risk of invasive ovarian cancer appears to be restricted to those women who remain childless despite the infertility treatment. SUMMARY: As long as doubt persists, it might be advisable to reflect on a few clinical recommendations: identify high-risk infertile patients for ovarian cancer, investigate preexisting cancer before fertility treatment, inform patients regarding potential risks, obtain an informed consent, avoid exposure to long periods of ovulation induction cycles that are given before patients are referred for in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer for women at greater risk and monitor women who have been treated with these drugs, especially those who failed to conceive, regularly and thoroughly. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Topotecan weekly bolus chemotherapy for relapsed platinum-sensitive ovarian and peritoneal cancers. Jun 2008 Robert Morris,Ronald D Alvarez,Stephen Andrews,John Malone,Christopher Bryant,Lance K Heilbrun,Daryn Smith,Veronica Schimp,Adnan Munkarah OBJECTIVE: Topotecan at a dose of 1.5 mg/m(2) on days 1 to 5 of a 21-day cycle is an approved therapy for recurrent ovarian cancer. However, heavily pretreated patients may be predisposed to hematologic adverse events. This prospective study, therefore, investigates the safety and efficacy of an al... ( view more )ternate weekly schedule of topotecan in patients with recurrent ovarian or peritoneal cancer. METHODS: Patients with potentially platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian or peritoneal cancer were treated with 4.0 mg/m(2) weekly topotecan as tolerated until disease progression. Antitumor response and safety were assessed. Dose reductions, delays, or omissions were implemented for grades 3-4 adverse events. RESULTS: Of the 41 enrolled patients (median age, 62 years; range, 42 to 82 years), 39 patients had ovarian cancer, and 2 patients had peritoneal cancer. The median platinum-free interval was 11.7 months. A median of 9 topotecan cycles (range, 1 to 45 doses) was administered. Weekly topotecan was well tolerated: 7 (17%) patients had grades 3-4 neutropenia, and 9 (22%) had grades 3-4 fatigue. No grade 4 thrombocytopenia or anemia was reported. Of 38 response-evaluable patients, 1 (3%) had a complete response, 8 (21%) had a partial response, 16 (42%) had stable disease, and 13 (34%) had progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS: Weekly topotecan was well tolerated in patients with platinum-sensitive ovarian or peritoneal cancer at first relapse, with a hematologic profile that compared favorably with that of the 5-day topotecan regimen. Moreover, antitumor activity was similar to that reported for the 5-day regimen. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles MicroRNA166 controls root and nodule development in Medicago truncatula. Jun 2008 Adnane Boualem,Philippe Laporte,Mariana Jovanovic,Carole Laffont,Julie Plet,Jean-Philippe Combier,Andreas Niebel,Martin Crespi,Florian Frugier Legume root architecture is characterized by the development of two de novo meristems, leading to the formation of lateral roots or symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules. Organogenesis involves networks of transcription factors, the encoding mRNAs of which are frequently targets of microRNA (miRNA) reg... ( view more )ulation. Most plant miRNAs, in contrast with animal miRNAs, are encoded as single entities in an miRNA precursor. In the model legume Medicago truncatula, we have identified the MtMIR166a precursor containing tandem copies of MIR166 in a single transcriptional unit. These miRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate a new family of transcription factors associated with nodule development, the class-III homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-ZIP III) genes. In situ expression analysis revealed that these target genes are spatially co-expressed with MIR166 in vascular bundles, and in apical regions of roots and nodules. Overexpression of the tandem miRNA precursor correlated with MIR166 accumulation and the downregulation of several class-III HD-ZIP genes, indicating its functionality. MIR166 overexpression reduced the number of symbiotic nodules and lateral roots, and induced ectopic development of vascular bundles in these transgenic roots. Hence, plant polycistronic miRNA precursors, although rare, can be processed, and MIR166-mediated post-transcriptional regulation is a new regulatory pathway involved in the regulation of legume root architecture. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and sertraline response in major depression patients. Jun 2008 Ozlem Dogan,Nevzat Yuksel,Mehmet Ali Ergun,Akin Yilmaz,Mustafa N Ilhan,Hatice Ersin Karslioglu,Aysegul Koc,Adnan Menevse Major depression (MD) has a complex multifactorial etiology with genetic and environmental factors contributing to the disorder. As with all antidepressant treatments, there is variability in drug response due to heredity, generally focusing on genetic polymorphism of the drug-metabolizing transpor... ( view more )ter genes. The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene is a particularly important candidate for genetic involvement in MD disorders owing to its key role in the regulation of serotonergic transmission and is therefore considered to be an interesting candidate in the mechanism of antidepressant drugs. In this study, we have focused on the associations between genetic polymorphisms in two regions of the 5-HTT gene (5-HTTLPR and VNTR) related to sertraline responses. Our sample consisted of 64 unrelated Turkish subjects who strictly met DSM-IV and CGI scores. There was no significant difference between the frequency of the SS, LS, LL, 9/10, 10/10, 9/12, 10/12, and 12/12 genotypes and responses to sertraline. However, the number of patients can be increased and different drugs can be studied in order to find a specific pharmacogenetic relation. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Microscopic and macroscopic evaluation of emboli captured during angioplasty and stent procedures in extracranial vertebral and internal carotid arteries. Jun 1, 2008 Afshin A Divani,Tamara L Berezina,Jingying Zhou,Reza Pakdaman,M Fareed K Suri,Adnan I Qureshi Purpose: To compare the quantities of emboli dislodged during percutaneous transluminal angioplasty/stenting in the vertebral artery (VA) with those released during stent placement in the internal carotid artery (ICA). Methods: Macroscopic images of distal protection devices (DPD) used during 30 st... ( view more )ent procedures in 16 ICAs (11 men; mean age 64.6+/-10.6 years) and 14 VAs (9 men; mean age 67.1+/-9.8 years) were reviewed. The amount of captured embolic debris was calculated and expressed as a proportion to the size of the filter. Histological examinations were performed to characterize the material trapped in the filters. Results: Relative to the size of the filter, the proportion of captured debris ranged from 0.1% to approximately 22% in the ostial VA filters and from 0.1% to approximately 21% in the filters used in the ICA procedures (p = NS). Plaque fragments with or without thrombus were discovered in the histological examinations of captured material. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of the debris between the 2 vascular regions, nor did sex, race, or plaque morphology correlate significantly with the proportion of captured debris. However, the severity of stenosis was significantly (p<0.029) greater in the ICA (73%+/-0.11%) than the VA (63%+/-0.09%) territory. Conclusion: The study suggests that the frequency and amount of captured emboli during stent procedures in ICA and ostial VAs are comparable. Therefore, the use of a DPD for stent placement in the vertebral artery may be advisable. ( view less ) View Full Abstract View Article Details View Coded Data Related Articles Page 1 of 58 1 2 3 4 > Last >> (1441 articles found)

      
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